The Impact of The Simpsons on American Children :: TV Television Media Essays

The Impact of The Simpsons on American ChildrenThe Simpsons is one of Americas most popular television shows for viewers under eighteen years of age. However, the ideals that The Simpsons conveys are not always wholesome, sometimes not even in good taste. It is inevitable that The Simpsons is affecting children. Matt Groening took up drawing to fly the coop from his troubles in 1977. At the time, Groening was working for the L.A. Reader, a free weekly newspaper. He began working on Life in Hell, a humorous comic gaffe consisting of people with rabbit ears. The L.A. Reader picked up a copy of his comic strip and liked what they saw. Life in Hell gradually became a parking area comic strip in many free weeklies and college newspapers across the country. It even developed a cult status. (Varhola, 1) Life in Hell drew the precaution of James L. Brooks, producer of works such as Taxi, The Mary Tyler Moore Show, and Terms of Endearment. Brooks originally wanted Groening to make an anim ated pilot of Life in Hell. Groening chose not to do so in fear of loosing royalties from papers that printed the strip. Groening presented Brooks with an overweight, balding father, a mother with a blue beehive hairdo, and three objectionable spiky haired children. Groening intended for them to represent the typical American family who love each other and drive each other crazy. Groening named the characters after his own family. His parents were named mark and Margaret and he had two younger sisters named Lisa and Maggie. Bart was an anagram for brat. Groening chose the last name Simpson to sound like the typical American family name. (Varhola, 2) Brooks decided to deposit the 30 or 60 second animations on between skits on The Tracy Ullman Show on the unsuccessful fuddle network. Cast members Dan Castellaneta and Julie Kavner did the voices of Homer and Marge. Yeardley Smith (later to mastermind in Hermans Head) did the voice of Lisa. Nancy Cartwright did the voice of Bart. C artwright previously supplied the voices for many cartoons, including Galaxy High, Fantastic Max, Richie Rich, Snorks, Pound Puppies, My Little Pony, and Glo-Friends. Tracy Ullman later added Cartwright to her cast. (Dale and Trich, 11) Brooks, Groening, and Sam Simon, Tracy Ullmans producer, wanted to turn the Simpson family into their own show. The Fox network was looking for material to appeal to younger viewers.

Compare Foxs The Case for Animal Experimentation vs Darnovskys Revisi

Foxs The Case for Animal Experimentation Chapter 2 and 3 and Darnovskys RevisitingSex alternative1. What is the challenge/problem presented in this article?Darnovskys article explores the upcoming deterrent example challenges that are tied to therenewed interest in marketing stir selection to parents. There are a myriad of ethicalissues tied to the option of deciding the sex of ones child that fall faraway outside the scope ofthe question Are we playing God? However, it is the implications of the option todecide the gender of a baby that are more profoundly disturbing. In a society whereperfection in appearance and brains is already prized above all else, it seems unlikelythat wealthy parents could resist the urge to guarantee that their child pass on be, really andtruly perfect. In the class discussion following her presentation, the sentiment that noone would try to make their baby perfect, emerged. This is easily refutable by the workalready being done in the field towards th is end, as advantageously as the phenomenon of babyEinstein products and other contemporary voodoo that call in parents that their babieswill score extremely high on the SATs.Darnovsky explains the possible repercussions of the irresponsible marketing ofsex selection including the challenges it will present to feminism, the resurgence ofeugenics as well as the key transnational issues that are at stake. One of the biggestdangers highlighted is the rapid pace at which technologies are progressing. Darnovskydescribes new technology like a fugitive train progressing far faster than correspondingethical considerations.In The Case for Animal Experimentation by Michael Fox, the philosophical,evolutionary and moral issues surrounding... ...ith Michael Fox that the unique benignant capacities make us verydistinct from other animal species. However, we believe that saying that these capacitiesmake us a superior species is an anthropocentric viewpoint, because it stems from theidea that our smudge in the world is the best possible. We do not think animals should bedenied full membership in the moral community because of their lack of autonomyand moral agency. This judgment is entirely based on anthropocentric ideas of animalssocial organization and emotions. We do not agree with Fox that animals lives lackintrinsic respect and that they are essentially meant for us to be used.Works CitedDarnovsky, Marcy. 2004. Revisiting Sex Selection. GeneWatch Volume 17Number 1.Fox, Michael Allen. 1986. The Case for Animal Experimentation. pp. 31-90.Berkeley University of California Press.

Poets Use Of Mockery As Diction In Poem :: essays research papers

Poets Use of Mockery As Diction in Poem     The poets use of mockery as diction conveys his disappoint attitudeto struggled the men that plan the battles without actually fighting in them. developmentthe words If I were fierce, and bald, and short of lead, to describe thebig league allows the reader to picture the majors as old, fat, out of shape menthat spend their days guzzle and gulping in the best(p) hotel safe from anydanger. Fierce, bald and short of breath give the reader a negative feel forthe majors as they are not described in any positive manner. These terms shitthe reader to feel disgust for the majors. The poets use of the words guzzlingand gulping with their alliterative effect cause the reader to consider themajors as gluttons self-collected at the table. When the reader completes his mentalpicture of the majors in the best hotel, the imagery of glory hogs is complete.The poets diction choice,"Reading the Roll of Honor. Poor puppylike chap, Id study - I used toknow his father well Yes, weve lost heavy in this last scrap. " of casuallanguage attempts to make the war seem silly and nonchalant. The word "chap"conveys an casual attitude towards the heroes as people. It seems to elevatethe attitude of the majors to a false superior position. "Scrap" makes it seems asif the soldiers death occurred on a playground, not a battlefield. It seems totrivialize war in general."And when the war is done and the youth infernal region dead,Id toddle safely home and die - in bed."The poets last lines give the reader an insight into the true wishes of thesoldier. The youth stone dead allow the reader to acknowledge the finality ofdeath and the wasted lives of the young soldiers while the old, fat men arePoets Use Of Mockery As Diction In Poem essays research papers Poets Use of Mockery As Diction in Poem     The poets use of mockery as diction conveys his disillusioned attit udetoward the men that plan the battles without actually fighting in them. Usingthe words If I were fierce, and bald, and short of breath, to describe themajors allows the reader to picture the majors as old, fat, out of shape menthat spend their days guzzling and gulping in the best hotel safe from anydanger. Fierce, bald and short of breath give the reader a negative feel forthe majors as they are not described in any positive manner. These terms causethe reader to feel disgust for the majors. The poets use of the words guzzlingand gulping with their alliterative effect cause the reader to consider themajors as gluttons gathered at the table. When the reader completes his mentalpicture of the majors in the best hotel, the imagery of glory hogs is complete.The poets diction choice,"Reading the Roll of Honor. Poor young chap, Id say - I used toknow his father well Yes, weve lost heavily in this last scrap. " of casuallanguage attempts to make the war seem carefree and nonc halant. The word "chap"conveys an casual attitude towards the heroes as people. It seems to elevatethe status of the majors to a false superior position. "Scrap" makes it seems asif the soldiers death occurred on a playground, not a battlefield. It seems totrivialize war in general."And when the war is done and the youth stone dead,Id toddle safely home and die - in bed."The poets last lines give the reader an insight into the true wishes of thesoldier. The youth stone dead allow the reader to acknowledge the finality ofdeath and the wasted lives of the young soldiers while the old, fat men are

Health and Welness for the Employees :: essays research papers

There be many reasons for the employees to get involved in a surfaceness program. Whether they like it or not overall wellness will affect their everyday life, at home as well as at work. The fact of the matter is that people that are in favourable health are usually more coherent and are able to enjoy more out of life. With more incentive going towards corporations paying subsidies to countenance employee participation there is increasing demand by employees to have a wellness program implemented. A study of health risk data and medical exam insurance claims at a paper mill in Canton, North Carolina, revealed that the Canton employees who had taken part in a health and fitness programs played out an average of 30% less on medical claims than non-participants. Having established a clear link between health and fitness activities and lower health caveat costs, the Canton study led to refine and expand wellness programs. The company took a closer look at all the issues that coul d affect job capital punishment and determined that the company needed to broaden the concept of wellness to include mental and emotional health as well as physical well being. In short, the company began to recognize that each employee is a whole person who brings much more than job skills to work every day. The company also began to guess that efforts at wellness promotion could only succeed by taking the needs of the whole person into account.Fitness programs can down absenteeism. There are many documented situations of fitness and wellness programs are effective. In a one-year study of over 500 employees, each took part in a work place fitness program. The for each employee that worked out as little one day a week, cut their average number of sick eld in half, from over ten sick days on average in the preliminary year without any activity to less than five in the following year. The report also showed that the employees that did not maintain a workout load of at least once a week did not reduce any sick-days. (Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1997 39827-831) Each of the participants followed a one-hour supervised workout consisting of a warm-up, stretching, calisthenics, cardiovascular and strength-building program. Later in the study Dr. Lilian Lechner, M.P.H. stated, While previous studies have found that employees most likely to partake in workplace fitness programs are those who already get the most regular exercise and bleed to be in better health, the current show that work-based fitness offers added health benefits for employees regardless of their fitness level.

Understanding Albert Camus The Plague :: Albert Camus Plague Essays

Understanding The Plague The Plague, written by Albert Camus, is a triumph of literary craft. Camus created a commentary on the way public react to trying situations and circumstances in his fictional city of Oran in North Africa. The reader is presented with Oran as a city of several hundred cardinal people. All of whom seem to take life for granted. The people of Oran ar constantly driven by business or money and only stop for lifes fine pleasures on the weekends. A fairly accurate parallel to todays world. When an bam of plague begins in Oran, nobody pays attention at first. When the problem becomes too big to be ignored, the city is taken somewhat by surprise and placed under quarantine. The city remains isolated from the outside world for over a year, and when the outbreak reaches its peak, hundreds are dying e really day. The main characters in the story are Dr. Rieux, Cottard, Tarrou, Grand, and Rambert. Rieux is the narrator (although he does not reveal himself as the n arrator until the end of the story). with Rieuxs eyes and Tarrous Journal entries , Camus depicts a personal and completely lifelike view of a major catastrophe. The was Camus creates such a quiet masterpiece of literature is not by reading death statistics and important events it is by his focus on the individuals involved in the crisis. The most striking feature of the novel is actually very sublime. The way Camus approaches the unthinkable catastrophe of the plague is actually the opposite of the way the media in society today reports and enjoys to hear about such catastrophes. It is much easier to have it away with disasters in numbers. Todays public wants to hear a comforting 250 dead today instead of hearing about the people who died agonizing deaths and the people who love them, being laboured into quarantine before the bodies are cold. Camus forces the reader to see the brutal realities of the plague, not merely in blood and gore, but also in the subtle and unintelligib le changes that occur in the people of Oran. The way Camus does this is by his never-ceasing emphasis on individual people and not the masses of the town as a whole. At the beginning of the novel, people were reluctant to recognize the plague as something that would change their lives. They thought it was simply a passing inconvenience.

Understanding Albert Camus The Plague :: Albert Camus Plague Essays

Understanding The Plague The Plague, written by Albert Camus, is a triumph of literary craft. Camus created a commentary on the way humans react to nerve-racking situations and circumstances in his fictional city of Oran in North Africa. The reader is presented with Oran as a city of several hundred thousand masses. All of whom search to take life for granted. The people of Oran ar constantly driven by business or money and only stop for lifes finer pleasures on the weekends. A fairly accurate parallel to todays world. When an outbreak of plague begins in Oran, nobody pays attention at first. When the problem becomes too big to be ignored, the city is taken somewhat by surprise and placed under quarantine. The city remains isolated from the outside world for over a year, and when the outbreak reaches its peak, hundreds are dying every day. The main characters in the story are Dr. Rieux, Cottard, Tarrou, Grand, and Rambert. Rieux is the narrator (although he does not reveal him self as the narrator until the end of the story). Through Rieuxs eyes and Tarrous diary entries , Camus depicts a personal and completely lifelike view of a major catastrophe. The was Camus creates such a quiet masterpiece of literature is not by reading material death statistics and important events it is by his focus on the individuals involved in the crisis. The most striking feature of the novel is actually very sublime. The way Camus approaches the inconceivable catastrophe of the plague is actually the opposite of the way the media in society today reports and enjoys to hear about such catastrophes. It is much easier to deal with disasters in numbers. Todays reality wants to hear a comforting 250 dead today instead of hearing about the people who died agonizing deaths and the people who love them, being forced into quarantine forward the bodies are cold. Camus forces the reader to see the brutal realities of the plague, not merely in blood and gore, but also in the subtle and profound changes that occur in the people of Oran. The way Camus does this is by his never-ceasing emphasis on individual people and not the masses of the town as a whole. At the beginning of the novel, people were reluctant to recognize the plague as something that would change their lives. They thought it was simply a passing inconvenience.

Importance of Group Essay

jibe to Social Boundaries and Adherence to a Special Set of NormsSome sociologists do not consider these kinds of organization per se as mentioned in the succeeding section while another(prenominal) sociologists classify them as types of organization based on social boundaries and their adherence to a spare set of norms (Zulueta, 2002).1. Categorical GroupA categorical sort refers to a social conventioning where members tend to percentage certain characteristics and interests and are aware of their similarities with other in their own social category. Ex. Students, teachers, farmers, senior citizens, fish vendors and other related separates.2. Aggregate GroupAn aggregate group denotes a social grouping whose members period in one place, but do not necessarily interact with each other. The members of this group are concerned only with their own feelings and attitudes. Ex. People forming a single line in the Araneta Center to buy tickets for the basketball game of their favorit e coquetteer in the Philippine Basketball affiliation.3. Collective GroupA collective group refers to a crowd whose members are not governed with laws or norms, but share the same beliefs that motivates them to action. Examples are the EDSA People Power 1 and 2, a mass demonstration for a common cause and others.4. Associational GroupAn associational group is composed of a group of people who organize themselves to stick with a common interest with a testicle organizational structure such as the Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC), Philippine Basketball Association (PBA), Philippine Association for Teacher Education (PAFTE) and many others. In an associational group, there is a set of officers elected by its members which is responsible for running the association.According to Interaction and RelationshipGeneral classifications of groups according to their manner of interaction and relationship are1. Primary GroupA primary group refers to small, in courtly group of people who interact in a more personal, intimate manner and who always thrust direct and face-to-face communication with each other. It includes the family, neighborhood and play groups. The primary group is characterized by Cooley as the nursery of human nature because it is the group where the child is socialized, acquires and experiences love, affection, sympathy, kindness, tolerance, fairness, loyalty and justice. The individual learns the meaning of personal worth and high-handedness of a person.2. Secondary GroupA secondary group involves indirect, impersonal interaction where members are forced to interact because of business transactions and the like. The business-like, impersonal and formal interactions of secondary groups allow the members to focus on their special skills. The members of secondary groups can function effectively because of the absence of the touch of familiarity where subjectivity comes in.According to Membership early(a) classification s of groups which are more specific as to membership are as follows1. In-groupAn in-group refers to a group of people whose sense of belongingness is strong. The members have a strong we-feeling, share common orientation, come from the same background, roots and origin and adhere to the ideology. An in-group is further characterized by a feeling of companionship and a great sense of loyalty.2. Out-groupThe out-group is but the opposite of the in-group. This group is made up of people whose feelings are antagonistic to the group itself. There is physical membership but in mind and heart, the members loathe the group because of the concept that another group is superior to their group. An out-group is a stereotype where members of the group have specialized trademarks.3. Reference GroupA reference group is a group where people identify themselves physically and psychology to which other people refer in evaluating their behavior and actions. The group becomes the individuals indite of reference in relation to his/her motivations, aspirations, experiences, attitudes and social affiliations. Oftentimes, a reference group tends to give an impression to a particular person as to his/her social, economic and scour political status in the community. Sometimes, individual try to identify themselves with groups whose rest is well-known regionally, nationally or even internationally to demand high honor and special treatment from others.4. Peer GroupA peer group refers to a small kind of grouping whose members have the same level, interests and economic standing in the community. This is exemplified in school among students. Consciously and unconsciously, the members group themselves because they share the same interests and talents and perhaps their parents also share the same. There is also a sense of belongingness, sympathy and loyalty among themselves.5. Voluntary AssociationA voluntary association, as the name suggests, is an organization where membership is fr ee and voluntary. Though voluntary in nature, members follow some(prenominal) sets of rules or policies. Examples are civic-oriented groups whose primary purpose is to deliver some social benefits to the deprived, depressed and underserved (DDU) sectors of our society. Voluntary associations are found in some relatively transparent societies composed of members with varied and competing interests. Here are some voluntary associations* Military AssociationsMilitary associations are noncommercial societies whose goals are to unite members through their common experiences.* hugger-mugger SocietiesSecret societies are characterized principally by limited membership and by secret rituals generally believed to increase the supernatural powers of its members.* Regional AssociationsRegional associations are clubs that acquire together migrants from common geographical backgrounds. Regional groupings actually give rise to out-groups, particularly when in a foreign milieu.According to The ir Nature, Form, Objectives and InteractionSome sociologists have identified other social groupings based on their nature, form and objectives and how members relate with each other. These are the formal and informal groups.1. Informal GroupThe informal group is the most common type of grouping based on nature, form, objectives and interaction. It occurs when two or more people interact with each other on issues change their welfare. An informal group can be a product of an impulsive act but later on grows into a partnership endeavor with the aeonian sharing of emotions and sentiments of the members. The group ensures cooperation from each member because of their sense of belongingness and self-confidence.2. Formal GroupA formal group is an organization where the specific organizational structure is constructed to hit specific goals and objectives. This group has to fulfill a variety of specialized social and personal needs that influence ones personality. Regardless of its natur e, a formal organization has established philosophy, mission, vision and goals as its guiding premises in the discharge of its function. It is in this concern that formal organizations meet their fundamental needs to sojourn their collaborative efforts to attain these aspirations in a highly complex, industrial and business society.

Bloodlines Chapter Ten

MY PHONE RANG JUST THEN, saving me from the awkwardness of figuring out what to do about Jill. I answered without bothering to check the caller ID. Miss Melbourne? Your services are needed immediately.Maam? I asked in surprise. Ms. Terwilligers frantic voice was non what Id been expecting. Whats wrong?I need you to point me a caramel sauce cappuccino from Spencers. in that location is absolutely no way of life I mint finish translating this document if you dont. There were a million responses I could make to that, n angiotensin-converting enzyme of which were very polite, so I went with the obvious point of logic.I dont turn over I can, I said.You moderate off-campus privileges, dont you?Well, yes, maam, but its well-nigh campus curfew. I dont know where Spencers is, but I dont think I can make it punt in sentence.Non sense datum. Whos running your dorm? That Weathers woman? Ill call down and get you an exception. Im working in nonpareil of the library offices. Meet me th ere.Despite my personal devotion to coffee, getting an exception to the schools curfew seemed kind of excessive for an errand like this. I didnt like to bend the rules. On the other hand, I was Ms. Terwilligers assistant. Wasnt this part of my job description? All the old Alchemist instincts to follow orders kicked in.Well, yes, maam, I suppose I She disconnected, and I stared at the phone in astonishment. I slang to go, I told Jill. Hopefully Ill be back soon. Maybe very soon since Ill be surprised if she remembers to call Mrs. Weathers. She didnt look up. With a shrug, I packed my lap baksheesh computer and some homework, just in case Ms. Terwilliger thought of something else for me to do.With coffee on the line, my teachers memory was good, and I found I did indeed have clearance to conduct when I went downstairs. Mrs. Weathers even gave me directions to Spencers, a coffee shop that was a few miles away. I got the cappuccino, wondering if Id be reimbursed, and picked up some thing for myself as well. The library staff at Amberwood gave me a hard time about carrying in beverages when I re off-key, but when I explained my errand, they waved me on through to the back offices. Apparently, Ms. Terwilligers addiction was well known.The library was surprisingly busy, and I quickly deduced why. After a certain point each night, guys and girls were banned from each others dorms. The library was open later, so this was the place to go to fall down out with the opposite sex. Lots of people were just there to study too, including Julia and Kristin. Sydney Over here called Kristin in a stage whisper.Break free of Terwilliger, added Julia. You can do it.I held up the coffee as I passed them. Are you kidding? If she doesnt get her caffeine soon, therell be no escaping her. Ill come back if I can. As I continued walking through, I saw a downcast cluster of students gathered around someone and heard a familiar and techy voice. Greg Slades. Curious in spite of mysel f, I walked over to the edge of the crowd. Slade was showing off something on his upper arm a tattoo.The design itself was nothing special. It was an shoot in flight, the kind of generic art all tattoo shops had in stock and copied en masse. What caught my attention was the color. It was all done in a rich, tinny silver medaly. Metallics like that werent easy to pull off, not with that sheen and intensity. I knew the chemicals that went into my own gold tattoo, and the formula was complex and composed of several rare ingredients.Slade made a halfhearted effort to keep his voice low tattoos were forbidden around here, after all but it was clear he was enjoying the attention. I observed quietly, glad others were asking some of my questions for me. Of course, those questions moreover left me with more questions.Thats brighter than the ones they used to do, one of his friends degraded.Slade tilted his arm so the light caught it. Something new. They say these are better than the ones from pull round year. Not sure if thats true, but it wasnt cheap, I can tell you that.The friend whod spoken grinned. Youll find out at tryouts. medal the red-haired girl whod been interested in Micah stretched out her leg beside Slade, revealing a slim ankle adorned with a faded butterfly tattoo. No metallics there. I might get exploit touched up, maybe for homecoming if I can get the money from my parents. Do you know if the celestial ones are better this year too? She tossed back her hair as she spoke. From what Id observed in my brief time at Amberwood, Laurel was very vain about her hair and made sure to pee it around at least every ten minutes.Slade shrugged. Didnt ask.Laurel noticed me watching. Oh, hey. Arent you lamia girls sister?My heart stopped. Vampire?Vampire? echoed Slade.How did she find out? What am I going to do? I had just begun making a list of the Alchemists I had to call when one of Laurels friends snickered. Laurel looked at them and laughed haught ily, and so turned back to me. Thats what weve decided to call her. No one human could possibly have skin that pale.I nearly sagged in relief. It was a joke one that hit painfully close to the truth, but a joke nonetheless. Still, Laurel didnt seem like someone to cross, and itd be better for all of us if it was a joke soon forgotten. I admittedly blurted out the first distracting comment that came to mind. Hey, stranger things have happened. When I first saw you, I didnt think anyone could have hair that long or that red. But you dont hear me clacking about extensions or dye. Slade nearly doubled over with laugher. I knew it I knew it was fakeLaurel flushed nearly as red as her hair. It is not Its realMiss Melbourne?I jumped at the voice behind me and found Ms. Terwilliger there, watching me with bemusement. You arent getting credit for chatting, especially when my coffees on the line. Come on.I skulked away, though hardly anyone noticed. Laurels friends were having too much fun teasing her. I hoped I had diffused the vampire jokes.Mean duration, I couldnt get the image of Gregs tattoo out of my mind. I let my thoughts wander to the mystery of what components would be needed for that silver color. I near had it reckon out at least, I had one possibility figured out and wished I had access to Alchemist ingredients to do some experiments. Ms. Terwilliger took the coffee gratefully when we reached a small workroom.Thank God, she said, after taking a long sip. She nodded at mine. Is that a backup one? Excellent thinking.No, maam, I said. Its mine. Do you want me to start in on those? A familiar stack of word of honors sat on the table, ones Id seen in her classroom. They were core parts of her research, and shed told me Id eventually need to outline and document them for her. I reached for the top one, but she stopped me.No, she said, moving toward a large briefcase. She rifled through papers and assorted office supplies, finally digging out an old lash book. Do this one instead.I took the book. Can I work out there? I was hoping if I went back to the main study area, I could talk to Kristin and Julia.Ms. Terwilliger considered. The library wont let you have the coffee. You should probably leave it in here.I waffled, debating whether my desire to talk to Kristin and Julia outweighed the likelihood that Ms. Terwilliger would drink my coffee before I got back. I decided to take the risk and bid my coffee a painful farewell as I hauled my books and gear back out to the library.Julia eyed Ms. Terwilligers nonplus book with disdain. Isnt that just on the internet somewhere?Probably not. Im guessing no ones even looked at this since before the internet was invented. I opened the cover. system fluttered out. Way before. Kristin had math homework open in front of her but didnt look particularly interested in it. She tapped a pen absentmindedly against the textbooks cover. So you saw Slades tattoo?Hard not to, I said, getting out my lapto p. I glanced across the screen. Hes still showing it off.Hes wanted one for a while but never had the money, explained Julia. Last year, all the big athletes had them. Well, except for Trey Juarez.Trey almost doesnt need one, pointed out Kristin. Hes that good.He will now if he wants to keep up with Slade, said Julia.Kristin shook her head. He still wont do it. Hes against them. He tried reporting them to Mr. Green last year, but no one believed him.I looked back and forth between them, more lost than ever. Are we still talking about tattoos? About Trey needing one or not? You really havent found out yet? asked Julia.Its my second day, I pointed out with frustration. Remembering I was in a library, I spoke more softly. The only people who have really talked about them are Trey and you guys and you havent said much of anything.They had the grace to look embarrassed by that, at least. Kristin opened her mouth, paused, and then seemed to change what she was going to say. Youre sure y ours doesnt do anything?Positive, I lied. How is that even possible?Julia cast a glance around the library and twisted in her chair. She turn her shirt up a little, exposing her lower back and a faded tattoo of a swallow in flight. Satisfied that Id seen it, she turned back around. I got this last spring break and it was the best spring break ever.Because of the tattoo? I asked skeptically.When I got it, it didnt look like this. It was metallic not like yours. Or Slades. More likeCopper, provided Kristin.Julia thought about it and nodded. Yeah, like reddish-goldish. The color only lasted a week, and while it did, it was amazing. Like, I have never felt that good. It was inhumanly good. The best graduate(prenominal) ever.I swear, theres some kind of drug in those celestials, said Kristin. She was trying to sound disapproving, but I thought I detected a note of envy. If you had one, youd understand, Julia told her.Celestials I heard that girl over there talk about them, I said.Lau rel? asked Julia. Yeah, thats what they call the copper ones. Because they make you feel out of this world. She looked almost embarrassed about her enthusiasm. Stupid name, huh?Is that what Slades does? I asked, stunned at what was unfolding before me.No, hes got a mark one, said Kristin. Those give you a big athletic boost. Like, youre stronger, faster. Stuff like that. They last longer than the celestials more like two weeks. Sometimes three, but the effect fades. They call them steel because theyre tough, I guess. And maybe because theres steel in them.Not steel, I thought. A silver compound. The art of using metal to bind certain properties in skin was one the Alchemists had perfected a long time ago. Gold was the absolute best, which was why we used it. Other metals when formulated in the proper ways achieved similar effects, but neither silver nor copper would bind the way gold could. The copper tattoo was easy to understand. Any number of feel-good substances or drugs co uld be combined with that for a short-term effect. The silver one was more difficult for me to understand or rather, the effects of the silver one. What they were describing sounded like some kind of athletic steroid. Would silver hold that? Id have to check.How more people have these? I asked them, awestruck. I couldnt believe that such complicated tattoos were so popular here. It was also beginning to sink in just how fuddled the student body here really was. The materials alone would cost a fortune, let alone any of the alleged side effects.Everyone, said Julia.Kristin scowled. Not everyone. Ive almost got enough saved up, though.Id say half the schools at least tried a celestial, said Julia, flashing her friend a comforting look. You can get them touched up again later but it still costs money.Half the school? I repeated incredulously. I looked around, wondering how many shirts and drawers concealed tattoos. This is crazy. I cant believe a tattoo can do any of that. I hoped I was doing an okay job of hiding how much I really knew.Get a celestial, said Julia with a grin. Then youll believe.Where do you get them?Its a place called Nevermore, said Kristin. Theyre selective, though, and dont give them out easily. Not that selective, I thought, if half the school had them. They got a lot more cautious after Trey tried to turn them in. There was Treys name again. It now made sense that hed been so disdainful of my tattoo when we met. But I wondered why he cared so much enough to try to get them shut down. That wasnt just a casual disagreement.I guess he thinks its unfair? I offered diplomatically.I think hes just jealous that he cant afford one, said Julia. Hes got a tattoo, you know. Its a sun on his back. But its just a regular black one not gold like yours. Ive never seen anything like yours.So thats why you thought mine made me smart, I said.That couldve been really useful during finals, said Julia wistfully. Youre sure thats not why you know so much? I smiled, disrespect how appalled I was by what Id just learned. I wish. It might make getting through this book easier. Which, I added, glancing at the clock. I should get to. It was on Greco-Roman priests and magicians, a kind of grimoire detailing the kinds of spells and rituals theyd worked with. It wasnt terrible reading material, but it was long. Id thought Ms. Terwilligers research was more focused on mainstream religions in that era, so the book seemed like a weird choice. Maybe she was hoping to include a section on alternative magical practices. Regardless, who was I to question? If she asked, Id do it.I outlasted both Kristin and Julia in the library, since I had to stay as long as Ms. Terwilliger stayed, which was until the library closed. She seemed pleased that Id gotten so far with the notes and told me shed like the whole book completed in three days.Yes, maam, I said automatically, as if I didnt have any other classes at this school. Why did I incessantly agree wi thout thinking?I returned to East Campus, bleary-eyed from all the work Id done and exhausted over the thought of the homework remaining. Jill was fast asleep, which I took as a small blessing. I wouldnt have to face her accusing stare or figure out how to handle the awkward silence. I got ready for bed quickly and quietly and down asleep almost as soon as I hit the pillow.I woke at around three to the sound of crying. Shaking off my sleepy haze, I was able to make out Jill sitting up in her bed, her face buried in her hands. Great, shaking sobs racked her body.Jill? I asked uncertainly. Whats wrong?In the umbrageous light coming in from outside, I saw Jill raise her head and look at me. Unable to answer, she shook her head and began crying once more, this time more loudly. I got up and came to sit on the edge of her bed. I couldnt quite bring myself to hug or touch her for comfort. Nonetheless, I felt terrible. I knew this had to be my fault.Jill, Im so mordant. I never should h ave gone to see Adrian. When Lee mentioned you, I shouldve just stopped it there and told him to talk to you if he was interested. I shouldve just talked to you in the first place The words came out in a jumble. When I looked at her, all I could think of was Zoe and her horrible accusations on the night Id left.Somehow, my do always backfired.Jill sniffled and managed to get out a few words before breaking down again. Its not its not thatI stared helplessly at her tears, frustrated at myself. Kristin and Julia thought I was superhumanly smart. Yet I guaranteed one of them wouldve been able to comfort Jill a hundred times better than I could. I reached out my hand and nearly patted her arm but pulled back at the last moment. No, I couldnt do that. That Alchemist voice in me, the voice that always warned me to keep my distance from vampires, wouldnt let me touch one in a way that was so personal.Then what is it? I asked at last.She shook her head. Its not I cant tell you wouldnt und erstand.With Jill, I thought, any number of things could be wrong. The uncertainty of her royal status. The threats against her. Being sent away from all her family and friends, trapped among humans in the gross(a) sun. I really didnt know where to start. Last night, there had been a chilling, desperate terror in her eyes when she woke up. But this was different. This was sorrow. This was from the heart.What can I do to help? I asked at last.It took her a few moments to pull herself together. Youre already doing plenty, she managed. We all appreciate it really. Especially after what Keith said to you. Was there nothing Adrian hadnt told her? And Im sorry Im sorry I was so bitchy to you earlier. You didnt deserve that. You were just trying to help.No dont apologize. I messed up.You dont have to worry, you know, she added. About Micah. I understand. I only want to be his friend.I was pretty sure that I still wasnt doing a great job at making her feel better. But I had to admit, apo logizing to me at least seemed to be distracting her from whatever had woken her to so much pain.I know, I said. I should never have worried about you.She assured me again that she was fine, with no more explanation about why shed woken up crying. I felt like I should have done more to help, but instead, I made my way back to my own bed. I didnt hear any more sobs for the rest of the night, but once, when I woke up a couple hours later, I stole a glance at her. Her features were just barely discernible in the early light. She lay there, eyes wide open and staring off into nothingness, a stalk look on her face.

Coursework assignment: Jack the Ripper

1. lineage A is part of a newspaper term describing the murder of Martha Tabram and Polly Nicholls. From semen A I elicit learn that thither have been two murders in London within a month of separately other, I can in like manner learn that Polly Nicholls and the other victim, Martha Tabram, were very poor. radical A also tells us that the murderer did non kill the women for financial gain as on that point was no proof of stealing, the sea wolf had used too much force to kill these women and this alludes that the orca was non of stable mind.Source A is part of an article in the East End Observer describing the murders of Martha Tabram and Polly Nicholls and it was written within a month of the murders, it suggests that the murderer was not of stable mind. Source B is part of the Coroners subject of the death of Polly Nicholls and it suggests that the killer had a good knowledge of the human body. Source C is the report of Dr Frederick Blackwell on the body of Elizabeth Stride and its gives a detailed explanation of the victims body.Source A supports Source C by hypothesiseing that the victims have been of the poorest of the poor whilst Source C implies that the victim, Elizabeth Stride, was poor as thither was no gold on the body. provided Source A is different to Source C as it says that the killer used extraordinary violence to murder the women where as Source C says that thither was only one incision on the body and it cut the windpipe completely in two meaning that no force was used.Source C also says that the appearance of the face was calm meaning in that respect was no force used against the victim and it was a quick kill. Source A states that the murders were a work of a demented being as so much trend was used to kill the victims but the evidence from Source C suggest that the killer had a knowledge of how to kill a mortal quickly as it says that only one incision was found on the victim and it rendered them dead.Source B says th e killer had anatomical skill and knowledge the wounds inflicted on the victim were in specific perplexs that would lead to certain organs, additionally Source C also suggests that the killer had a good understanding of the human body as it mentions that only one wound was inflicted on the victim and it was enough to kill her and this shows that Source B supports Source C. Source B also supports Source C by saying the killer used a knife as a subdivision to kill the victims and Source C implies that the killer used a knife as an incision is caused by a knife or sharp object.However Source B is different from Source C as all the statements in this are opinions whereas all the statements of Source C are facts and are given by a doctor who knows what he is seeing. Source B is also trying to decipher the identity of the victim where as Source is clean a translation of the body 3. Source E is Part of an article published in a local newspaper after the murders of Polly Nicholls and A nnie Chapman. It tells us of how an informant warned jurisprudence officers that the security of the streets should be im groundd otherwise murders would ensue.It also tells us a bit about the geography of livid Chapel. This source implies that the security of the streets in White Chapel was really poor as there were crimes going on in every street and heap had predicted that there would be murders happening in the town if the quality of the constabulary force was not increased. It also tells us that there were crimes going on such as ruffianism (violent lawless behavior), and although the law of nature were told of it they did zipper to prevent or stop these crimes.This Source also tells us about the way White Chapel is built, with the main roads connected by qualify alleyways, meaning that the killer could easily slide into an alley if he heard or saw the police approaching. However the Source does not tell us who the informant is implying that the killer had to be a police to hide his identity because otherwise he would have been fired from his job. As a result of not knowing the identity of the killer, we cannot tell if the Source is reliable or not.But as the source was a newspaper article, its main job was to inform people of the news accurately, however the newspapers also had to be sold meaning that the article evidence given by the informant could have stretched to make the article more than interesting. Source D is the evidence of Elizabeth Long at the inquest into the death of Annie Chapman she was describing the man seen talking to Annie before she was killed. It tells about the appearance of the man seen with Annie Chapman before she was killed.It says that the man was a foreigner and that he was of a shabby genteel. The comment given by the eye-witness is very detailed and it describes a foreigner. During the duration that the murders happened White chapel was a vexing and polluted place, people could even see their own hands in front of their faces in the tenebrous. The time at which Miss Long said she say the man was at 5. 30 am and it was still pretty dark at that time which leads me to believe that this source is not very reliable.This however shows me that the police had trouble capturing the killer because of all the false eye-witness accounts given to them by the semipublic, they could not interpret which ones were true and which were not and the killer took advantage of this. Source D is not very reliable as there is no way that Miss. Long could have made out the appearance of the man in such detail, it is a make belief story as at the time of which the account was given many another(prenominal) an(prenominal) people presumed that the killer was a foreigner, therefore Miss. Long gave the description of one. 4. The police made use of many methods to try and catch the killer but they were all to no avail.One of the things that the police was to circulate leaflets around to the customary public. Source F is the leaflet distributed to over 80,000 households in hopes of catching the murderer. The leaflet contains dates of the first four murders (starting from Polly Nicholls) and it is suggesting that the killer lives in Whitechapel. It is asking for people to come in front and report anybody suspicious. This is a good motif as it would save the police from interviewing everyone in Whitechapel but the public did befriend the police as they came up with too many false witnesses and they gave information on people who acted the slightest unusual.Source G is part of a letter from the Home Secretary to the mile end oversight committee on 17 September 1888. The Home Secretary states that offering a reward would mean people would make false accusations on guileless people just for the money. The police were asking permission to offer reward to anyone who gives information on the killer but they were declined. This would have been a good idea as they would get a list of peculiars but the public would give information on anyone just to get the money and this would leave the police in a bigger state of confusion.The police also requested for 100 more men both uniformed and plain clothed so there can more of a chance to catch the killer. This was definitely a good idea as there were more men patrolling the area and there were more chances of spotting the killer. However this method proved to be insufficient as the killer was not seen the police, both uniformed and plain clothed. The metropolitan police sent a private and confidential letter to Col turner asking him to provide trained bloodhounds that could track the scent of the victims blood in state to find the killer.This was a very good idea and it is still used today to track down suspects but this also failed to catch the notorious Whitechapel, murderer. Although this did prove that the killer murdered his victims rather stealthily as to not get any blood on himself. The police also put their time and effort into interviewing over a thousand lodgers in the area of Whitechapel. This does not seem like a good idea as all the murders had taken place on the weekend or on a holiday suggesting that the killer was from out of town or that he had a job meaning that he would have his own house.One of the stranger things the police did was use silent boots. There logic was that the killer would here the police man approach and so the killer would not run away. This obviously did not help the police catch the killer. These boots also cause pain to the officers as they were uncomfortable. Autopsies were carried out and police photographed each scene. Detailed interviews were conducted throughout the area and existing mental patients and those with a history of violence were investigated. Also the police offered pardons to accomplices willing to come forward with information.The police move al just about everything they could to try and catch the killer during the murders but the facilities that p olice had were just not enough and most of the time criminals were caught red handed or they would most likely escape. 5. The Whitechapel murders were something that the police have never experienced, they do not know of killing without reason or serial killing. As you have seen, the police attempt various methods to try and catch the murderer but they were all a failure and that is due to the following reasons. The killer was a mad-man.This is what everybody believed in White chapel, that mortal who kills for his own pleasure has to be foaming at the mouth, this was the perceived of Jack the ripper. He was seen as a man who could not keep his emotions in fancy and who was a basic raving lunatic. However through modern serial killings we have found that most serial killers look outwardly normal and lucid even though they are mad on the inside. The killer could have had an ordinary day-light life with maybe even a family and by night time he could have set out to kill.This was no t known at the time so people were looking out for mad person who was tripping a knife at every prostitute and because of this lunatics all over White chapel were examined but to no avail. This also meant that if the killer had family and friends they would never suspect him as he would not have filled the description of a lunatic. The killer on the other hand was a very confident person as he no doubt believed he would never be caught so he never hid the bodies and murdered in daring places, such as ten minutes away from the police station.The killer was also very artful as source H states that not a trace is left of the killer at the crime scene. The victims of the killer had one thing in common heavy drinking. They were known for drinking and wondering around the streets, the first victims, Polly Nicholls, marriage stone-broke down as a cause of her heavy drinking. Polly Nicholls was a sad woman who made a living from prostitution. The second victim, Annie Chapman, was also a marooned wife who suffered from alcoholism and she was also homeless.The next victim, Elizabeth Stride, was also separated from her husband and used prostitution as a source of a living. The fourth victim, Catherine Eddowes, was also a heavy drinker, a separated wife and a prostitute. The fifth and final victim was Mary Jane Kelly and she was a young prostitute whose husband had died. all in all these victims are prostitutes and almost all were heavy drinkers meaning they were all exceptionally easy targets as they would have to go in dark places with men who they were strangers with and when they were drunk they were disoriented and did not know what was going on.They would also do anything for a drink meaning they would meet up with men at night just because he promised a drink. The victims were also picked at random except for the fact that they were prostitutes so the police could not find a pattern in the victims and there were too many prostitutes in White chapel to protect them all. Whitechapel was a densely populated area in one of the poorest districts in London. There were many slaughterhouses and such in those parts of London, and so it wasnt odd for men to walk around in dirty and even blood stained clothes.Furthermore, the fact that there were so many narrow alleys and thoroughfares may have made the Rippers escape easier. As source E tells us that the alley ways were dark and narrow. The area of Whitechapel had many penniless, homeless and nameless people drifting in and out of its streets, so it was difficult to keep the track, monitor the streets and the police also had to deal with the vigilante conduct that erupted as a result of the murders. The eyewitnesses that came forward were almost all very inaccurate except for the police officers.In eye-witness account of Elizabeth Long (source D), a description of a man she sees talking to Annie Chapman is given but it is not very detailed and it only describes his attire and not his facial featur es. Elizebeth Long is also not sure about the things she sae as she says as well as I could make out, I think and I cannot be sure. Also, the time at which she saw the man, it was dark and smog covered the whole of White chapel so therefore she could not have seen clearly and her evidence is most likely made up.These manakin of eye-witness accounts lead the police to a dead end and their time is wasted. The chance of the police catching any criminal in those days would drastically knock off if they didnt catch him in the act. The investigative tools the police had at the time did not include fingerprinting, forensic evidence and DNA. The police tried almost everything they could and they made requests that would help catch the killer (even though some of them were denied). The police was not used to the concept of killing without a motive and this confused the police as to what way of life of action they should take.Although the police did make some mistakes such as when the writ ing on the wall was erased before it could be photographed and they let Catherine Eddowes out of jail at 1. 00 am when they clearly knew about the dangerous times. The police were not to blame for the ripper murders as they had never experienced anything like it and they did whatever they could to try and catch the killer. The public did not help the police in the investigation by giving false witnesses and accusations. The layout of White chapel was in such a way that it would be extremely easy for the ripper to escape.

Pre Ap World History Chapter 3 Vocabulary

Pre-AP World History Chapter 3 Vocabulary 1. Yellow and Yangtze Rivers-contained many agricultural settlements, were river valleys 2. Gobi Desert-in northwest China, blocking off invaders from the north and northwest 3. Tibetan Plateau-north of the Himilayan Mountains, saved the west from invasion 4. Yangshao and Longshan cultures-identified as the painted and black pottery cultures 5. Xia Dynasty-started around 4000 years ago, leader Yu introduced irrigation and draining 6. Shang Dynasty-afterthe Xia in the 16th century B. C. E. , oracle castanets found in Anyang 7.Anyang-capital of the Shang Dynasty, oracle bones were dug up revealing early writing 8. Xinjiang corpses-from 2000 B. C. E. , clearly European, revealing migration eastward 9. oracle bones- turtle shells that had Chinese writing on one side, and scratchs from gods 10. Shang bronzes-utensils,weapons,ritual objects were made from bronze casting 11. well field system-8 families cultivated their own plot and worked together on the 9th plot 12. chow chow Dynasty-2 capital cities for a more extensive bureaucracy, territories w/ govenors 13. silk-found on bronzes and in tombs, used for clothing and wrapping the dead 14.Silk Road-a travel r egresse from China westward, calling mostly silk 15. Mandate of Heaven-the right to rule from the gods, a dynasty can lose and gain M. O. H. 16. Rites of Zhou-one of the oldest surviving documents, stating that Zhou ruled bc of MOH 17. yin and yang-interacting, opposing forces in nature, unceasingly should be in balance *18. Yi Jing/Book of Changes- 19. Confucius-the lader of Confucianism, belief in 5 key relationships and filial piety 20. The Analects-written by Confucius disciples on the sayings and ideas relating to him 21. Mencius-(370-290 BCE) a philosopher who stressed the human-centred side of Confucianism 22.Legalism-humans were evil by nature, and had to have harsh laws and strict punishments *23. Way of Great Learning- 24. Lao Tzu-founder of Daoism, Old Ma ster 25. Daoism-based on forces in nature, which needed to be balanced (yin and yang) 26. Dao de Jing-primary document which makes original concepts a bit difficult to understand 27. wu wei-to interpret the will of Heaven is not action but INACTION 28. closure of Warring States-the period between 2 dynasties one losing power, one gaining it 29. Qin Dynasty-(221-206 BCE)legalism, strict censorship,standardized weightsmeasures 30.Qin Shi Huangdi-first emperor of Qin, rose to throne at age 13 in 246 BCE, Li Su is advisor 31. Xianyang-the capital where aristocratic clans were forced to live, so court could monitor *32. Sima Qian- 33. Xiongnu-northern nomads who posed the threat of invading(possibly related to Huns) 34. Great Wall-a costly project to keep invaders out from the North, slowed but not stopped 35. Han Dynasty-(202 BCE-221 CE)founded by Liu Bang, dictorial govt and civil service exams 36. eunuchs- males who had their testicles removed (castrated) 37. Liu Bang-founder of the Han dynasty 38. tate Confucianism-Confucian doctrine combined with Legalist practice 39. civil service exam-tests administered to workers in the bureaucracy to weigh if they qualify *40. Han Wudi- *41. Wang Mang-reformist official who seized power 42. Changan-the capital of the Han Empire in China 43. filial piety-respect for ones parents and elders in society 44. Bao-jia system-forming a group of families for excersizing mutual control and charge 45. Xians terracotta army- terracotta soldiers to protect the first emperor of Qins tomb 46. Book of Songs and Song of the South-a book of about 300 poems written during the early Zhou dynasty

Censorship: Fahrenheit 451 and Lounge Chairs

Censorship is what the government or a group of people make people ideate that there way is the right way of living. In the characterization W whole-E, it shows a lot of censorship. They know made an illusion of what the perfect life looks like. Also in the book Fahrenheit 451 written by Ray Bradbury the government sire deprived the people of many things.In the movie Wall-Ethe humans have been direct from earth to lead in a cruise on space due to pollution on earth has made is impossible for civilization to live on it. On space they have censored all real food, all food is liquid. There are lounge chairs for each person where they do everything they do no leave the lounge chairs only to go to sleep. The lounge chairs fit them to communicate with people, play virtual sport and shop. They have been censored of all real things, like actually walking, being active, eating nutritious food, and having face to face conversation due to this they are all obese and arent able to walk du e to bone loss.In the book Fahrenheit 451 the government had made what is considered the ideal life. They are censored for thinking because they want everyone to be alike. They have also banned books because they are worthless and have too many ways of life and opinions and they want it to be one way only to be the right way. If they find out you have books they burn the books and your house. They are not very smart because they are deprived from learning a lot because it makes them think.The movie Wall-E and the book Fahrenheit 451 are very similar. What the government has portrayed as the perfect easy way of life is what the people believe is best for them. They have lived by the rules so many years that they dont remember what the normal way of life is like anymore.

M&S Case Study

BRUNEL UNIVERSITY? SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LOGISTICS AND GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN circumspection M&S Case study Assignment Mark&Spencer As it is well known, the retailer M&S had been a giant in the UK market, crack several products and function that concord had a big giveicipation in the daily life of the population that in some way had been influenced by any(prenominal) branch of this company in any place where they stay selling its goods, whether in the UK or on oerseas places.Marks & Spencer owns no factories and does not make the goods, which argon s doddering in its stores, which represent a different approach to the retailer business and gives some advant eons that M&S enjoy. The key element in furthering its combative advantage has been the development of strong supplier relationships which although have had suffer several changes in the past few years beca engagement of strategies in the market and distinct factors, they exercise as an essential part of the busine ss. Marks and Spencers mission statement is broken into 3 parts which includeVision To be the standard once against which others be measured Mission To make aspirational quality accessible to all and Values Quality value, service, innovation and trust. Representation on M&S general operations * Given that M&S had an persona problem in the past, what change did it make and is making to its clothing business to enhance its competitiveness? The serious problems of image that M&S had in the pass were consequence of several finales and assessments made by its board and especially very often by the chairman and the oldtimer executive.There is one factor that shaped for long time all the decisions made in the company the culture of Marks&Spencer, this way of thinking was the method to use for manage the blind drunk for many years from its get until the changes in the market and in the nodes did not fit with that culture anymore. In lights of these events and in the increasing pr oblems, loathsome changes has to be made, changes that were enough to return the plot to the company in their market that was falling as consequence of this.The quality of the clothes was not the same and the customers make grow realised of that as they begun to claim about it. Moreover, the bad winter season in 1999 coinciding with the retail sales downturn put a offset point in the definitive necessity of changes in M&S. 1999 was a year to forget in the UK clothing sector. Can be said that the beginning of the first change made was the incorporation as chief executive of Peter Salsbury to succeed eventually to Sir Richard Greenbury.The first approach to changes was a series of fundamental culling in the board of the company, which meant a change from the top-down in the structure of the organization and the incorporation of the technology in the communicational way among the board members which it have to be stress, they were not familiarised with pertly technologies, these i nitial changes made by Salsbury were aimed to vanish the old fashion way of manage the company and dismantling symbols of the old regime many people were removed from the administration work to go to dealing with costumers needs.A general reorganization that split the company into UK retail, afield and financial services was made as well. As another remarkable change, was the approach to the re saucyed focus on the client itself and the fulfilment of its necessities, part of the image problems was because of the treatment to the customer from the staff of M&S, as part of the change process, a new department of marketing was created in baffle to enhance the advertisement and to gain customers over from the dynamical market they deal with, new thinking and new minds were ired, and the marketing department would take over many decisions of the buying departments to support in the decision of what the customers wanted. Within this period the board of the firm had realised that some of the overseas business and UK suppliers had become a millstone for M&S rather than a support, and were put up for sale and dismissed respectively.The period of changes that M&S was going trough with the severe culling and reorganization processes, brought a new image problems to the company, as consequence the entire personnel was demoralized and downright, the spirit of the company to its staff and the trust of its suppliers was totally destroyed. Being clear that these methods and managing was not working anymore as a part of a past of revolution in the company, new changes have to come. Although, Peter Salsbury had accomplished the evolution and change of the culture of M&S.After this Luc Vandevelde as a chairman contributed with several changes in the clothes line of M&S, as was the entry of George Davis to the firm to develop and deliver to the public a new brand called Per Una, in aims to revitalize the womens clothing sales as a dodging from the board. New changes are being made in order to enhance the competitiveness in the clothing business, changing the look to the stores with lighter colours, new tills, better lighting.M&S has turn itself in a company that owns a staff full of youth and freshness, consequently, the company has give back the quality to its goods, quality that was a flag in the golden years of M&S, with several new clothing brands fitted to both gender and to every stage in the life of people, this wide vomit of goods cleverly design on age and occasions are the product of selected designers and their teems pushing to deliver nothing but the very best to all the M&Ss customers, this fact is a sample of a great change that the company has made managing to recover the trust of the customers and the treatment of excellence to the clients that the current business and the market require.As part of the new times and challenges, the board of the company nowadays effectively had set clear points in the taking-decision process as is to deba te and agree the best strategy for the high society and hold the executive team accountable for its execution, this permit a very dynamic way to involve anyone to the final decision in order to warrantee a wise decision that push to the continue enhancement and development of the current business plan and finally, to set the tone of doing the right thing, supported by the right governance structures and their effective implementation. * Specifically and in detail, what changes were made to the M&S add up chain strategy in the light of these changes?Evidently as the culture of M&S was created and leaded by several men with the same way of thinking, the most remarkable characteristics of this culture was the relationship with the suppliers of M&S, that was found on an close and unique relationship that have been prevailed by several decades in some cases. This supply chain based on trust from the firm to its suppliers gave shape to the UK retail market for many years. The board p lanned the new strategy implemented to the supply chain by the end of the year 2000 this strategy consisted on the change of suppliers from the UK to other overseas instead. Amid the changes on reorganization of M&S in general, the board had realised that the hearty link with the traditional suppliers in the UK was no longer affordable enough and represent a millstone for the company.The first place to be pointed as an overseas supply branch was in Portugal owing to the mix positive factors of cheaper manufacturing costs and the short distance to the UK that would not affect the supplement of goods in the stores for time reasons as start happening with others overseas supplier that because they were so far from UK the time of delivery influenced in the schedules and logistics of M&S. Nevertheless, some UK suppliers that closed their factories repositioned themselves in North Africa, Indonesia, Thailand and China Looking for cheap workhand and curtain raising in this way an overseas market of suppliers for the company and at the same time a beneficial reduction of cost for M&S scorn the exportation activities involve in this operations, demonstrating this way that the strategy implemented in lights of the changes has just paid off.Another important change was specially related to the clothing range Per Una leaded by the designer George Davis which consist in the direct delivery of the clothe and accessories from nothing more but his organisation to M&S, as part of a agreement maid at the beginning of his business relationship whit the company, this represent a self-sufficient branch in the supply chain of the firm. Some other changes were made on M&S regarding to its branches in Europe, specifically to the supply chain that maintain the European branch of the company in countries as Spain, Holland, France and Germany. They have to concentrate the efforts in the UK market so they decided to finish the overseas branches, representing a culling on the supply cha in to those countries and leaving the supply chain operations directly to UK. * What are the different supply chain performance objectives for the different product groups? Classic Autograph Per Una Indigo Blue hold in Product Range Short Mature Customers keen-sighted Wide Range Customers Short Fashion Woman 25-35 years old Short women with busy lives Long Mens casual clothes for weekends Design Changes No frequent Trend Frequent Seasonal Seasonal Price Expensive value-for-money prices Competitive eminent Street Pricing Good Value Average Expensive value-for-money prices Quality High Aspirational Quality High Aspirational Quality High Sales Volume High humbled Limited Low Limited High seasonal High seasonal Order Winners Smart, Elegant & quality clothes Fashion ability Exclusivity Fashionable for casual use Casually smart clothes Order Qualifiers Quality and value on the clothes Clothing wide range and high street prices inexpensive price Everyday-workday casualwea r Smart casual menswear for weekends occasion subprogram Priorities Reliability aimed to mature costumers Cost Sharpen pricing great value Flexibility Very unbendable response Speed high fluency on the selling of this clothes Quality unique menswear brand References The rise & fall of Marks & Spencer And how it rose again by Judi Bevan, edition revised and updated in 2007. Bookmarque, Croydon, Surrey. ISBN-10 1 86197 898 7. * Logistics and supply chain management by Martin Christopher, Fourth Edition, FT Prentice Hall Financial times. * Operation Management by Nigel Slack, Stuart Chambers and Robert Johnston, Sixth Edition, FT Prentice Hall Financial times. * Marks & Spencer Annual state and Financial Statements 2000 * Marks & Spencer Annual Report and Financial Statements 2006 * Issues of Marks & Spencer by OxbridgeWriters. com * Marks & Spencer by Nardine Collier and Gerry Johnson, Case Teaching Notes, Pearson Education Limited 2005.

Impacts of Cultural Differences

Hunan Information Science Vocational College Graduation Thesis defer Impacts of heathen releases on international Business Negotiation Name Chen Xiujuan Student No. 0 8 5 1 0 3 4 0 Specialty and Class Business English, Class 3 Department Department of Humanities and Arts Supervisor Liu Mifan Date 2011-3-02 Contents Introduction1 1. Types of ethnical Differences2 1. 1 nurse View2 1. 2. Negotiating Style2 1. 3. Thinking Model2 2. Impact Of Cultural Differences on International Business Negotiations4 . 1Impact of Value Views Differences on International Business Negotiations4 2. 1. 1Impact of Time View Difference on Negotiation. 4 2. 1. 2Impact of Equality View Difference on Negotiation. 5 2. 1. 3 Impact of Objectivity Difference on Negotiation. 6 2. 2 Impact of Negotiating Style Differences on International Business Negotiations. 7 2. 3 Impact of Thinking Model Differences on International Business Negotiation. 8 3. Coping Strategy Of Negotiating Across Cultures. 9 3. 1 Making Pre parations before Negotiation. 9 3. 2 Overcoming Cultural Prejudice. 10 3. Conquering Communication Barriers. 10 Conclusion11 Bibliography12 Ac go to bedledgements13 Abstract The personal credit line negotiations under antithetic ethnical conditions come to cross- cultural negotiations. With the economic globalization and the frequent task contacts, cultural differences seem to be very substantial otherwise they could cause unnecessary mis go steadying, notwithstanding affect the result of the handicraft negotiations. This means it is very important to know the assorted cultivation in different countries and the ways to keep off the cultivation conflicts in the planetary business negotiations.The article commences from the types of culture differences, then it explains the impacts of these culture differences on external business negotiation and finally it analyzes how to deal with the problem of the cultural differences decently in negotiation process. Such a standpoint is emphasized In the business negotiations between different countries, negotiators should accept the other partys culture, and interpret to stick him be accepted then make a correct evaluation with the help of valid communication and discover their real benefits between them.Besides, we should know clearly and try to accept the culture differences as possible as we can. It is very important for the success of culture negotiations. Key words Culture Cultural differences Business negotiation Impact Introduction Along with the advancement globalization and mainland Chinas WTO entry, business enterprises in China put one across to face more than and more business negotiations with foreign enterprises, especially with American enterprises. In these negotiations, Chinese negotiators some clocks feel uncomfortable, puzzled, lost, irritated and the alike, because of unfamiliar custom and behaviors demonstrated by American negotiators.Mean period, American negotiators confront the same situation. Cult rural differences between China and western hemisphere countries could cause many problems. Therefore, apprehensiveness cultural differences and overcoming them is crucial in international business negotiations. Although the definition of culture is numerous and vague, it is commonly Recognized that culture is a sh atomic number 18d system of symbols, beliefs, values, attitudes and expectations. Culture is a major determinant in business negotiation. So have a clear picture of culture differences if of great significance. . Types of Culture Differences The east countries and west countries have produced different cultures on the different continents. Among the different cultures, value posts, negotiating bearing and thought process model appear more obvious. 1. 1Value View Value sketch is the standard that people use to asses objective things. It includes condemnation visible horizon, equality view and objectivity. People may draw a different or even contradic tory conclusion about the same thing. Value view is one of the most important differences among the many factors.It can influence the attitude, needs and behavior of people. The value view varies from nation to nation, people know that the eastern psyche focus on collectivism, while the western people concede more attention to individualism. 1. 2. Negotiating Style Negotiating style refers to the tolerance and graces which the negotiator shows in the negotiation. The negotiators show their negotiating style through behavior, manners and the method of controlling negotiation process during the negotiation.The negotiators negotiating style has a bearing on their culture background. According to the culture differences, negotiating style falls into two types the east negotiating style pattern and the west negotiating style pattern. 1. 3. Thinking Model Thinking model reflects the culture. Because of the influences of history background, continents, words and animate method, differen t nations generate different thinking models. Surely, at that place is more than one thinking model of a nation, but one is more obvious compared with others.As a whole, east people, especially Chinese have strong comprehensive thinking, image thinking and curved thinking, while analytical thinking, kidnap thinking and direct thinking are possessed by the west people. 2. Impact of Cultural Differences on International Business Negotiations With the rapid phylogenesis of economy, we need to do business with businessmen under different culture background, so in order to reach trade agreement, it is necessary for us to study the impact of culture differences on international negotiation in global business activities.The impact of culture differences on international negotiation is extensive and deeply. Different cultures divide the people into different group and they are also the obstacles of peoples communication. Accordingly, it is required that the negotiator should accept the culture of each other. Furthermore, through culture differences, it is important that the negotiator reveal and understand the other partys goal and behavior and make him or herself be accepted by the opponent to reach agreement finally 2. 1Impact of Value Views Differences on International Business NegotiationsValue Views Differences on International Business Negotiations fall into three types time view, negotiation style, thinking model. Each has big influences on business negotiation 2. 1. 1 Impact of Time View Difference on Negotiation. The time view which affects the negotiators behavior varies from east countries to west countries. The oriental person or the Chinese negotiators are usually cautious and patient. They need to go through the phrases of coming up with proposes, bringing up objections and ending the trade which takes a longer time.And they hope to arrange rich time to go on a negotiation, thus knowing more about the opponent . They are secure at long and continuou s battle. While west people or we could say American people, consider time is precious. They tend to resolve problems swiftly. So, in business negotiation, American businessmen often complain about the delay and the escape of efficiency of negotiators from other countries, while these countries also make a complaint that the Americans lack patience. There is a popular saying among American negotiators and businessmen It is prohibited to steal time.That shows the time view of Americans. To them, time means money. The time view of Chinese is cyclic. They use long-term and systematic pedestals to value the importance of the topic. A famous people classify the time view into two kinds straight-line time viewand cyclic time view. The former give in more attention to concentration and speed, and the later stress doing many things at one time. That they insist on different time view leads to different negotiating style and method. The American people represent the straight-line time vie w and they have a strong awareness of modern competition.They look for speed and efficiency. So they value time badly and consider time as a special commodity whose value could be assessed. They often use minute to target time . They hope to reduce negotiation time at every phrase and pauperism to complete the negotiation quickly. But the Chinese time view is cyclic and they place emphasis on unity. Moreover, it is necessary to be punctual at negotiations. West people have a strong time view, if you breakt comply with the appointment time, they may prey you a punishment and they lead regard you as unreliable and irresponsible person.Being late for negotiation will give the west businessmen opportunities to exert pressure onyou, and then you will lose the status of being initiative. 2. 1. 2 Impact of Equality View Difference on Negotiation America went through the bourgeoisie revolution of striving for the equality and freedom, so they take equality into their heart. Americans s tick to equality and fairness in business, and hope that both could gain benefit. When introducing the topic or situation, the west people would like to use concrete method, particularly data.Their negotiating method is that they will describe their viewpoint and propose at the beginning in order to get initiative. Under this principle, they would come up with a reasonable resolution which they think is very fair. In business relationship, the sellers from America regard the buyer as a counterpart. Americans are fairer than Japanese is sharing benefits. A lot of American managers think fair partitioning of profits is more important than how some(prenominal) they could get. At this point, the east people are different. Because of the deeply influence of class view, they dont pay much attention to equality.They usually adopt single-win strategy in business negotiations. When involving economic benefits they think much about their own benefits and profits and dont give so much attent ion to the benefit of their partners. The merchandise economic system of developed countries is quite mature, so west countries take win-win strategy more in negotiation basically, they could take the benefits of both into consideration. 2. 1. 3 Impact of Objectivity Difference on Negotiation The objectivity in international business negotiation reflects the degree to which people treat any things.West people especially Americans have a strong objectivity on the understanding of issues. At negotiation table, Americans dont care much about relationship between people. They dont care if the status of the opponent is equal to theirs. They make decision based on facts and data, not people. The saying that public things use public ways is a reflection of American objectivity. Therefore,Americans emphasize that Businessmen should distinguish people and issues, what they are unfeignedly interested in is the actual problems. But in the other parts of the world, it is impossible for them to distinguish people and issues. . 2 Impact of Negotiating Style Differences on International Business Negotiations The impacts of negotiating style differences on international business negotiation mainly exist in negotiating method and negotiating structure. Take the negotiation between America and China as a example, since the oriental care more about unity in thinking, they method they adopt in negotiation is from unity to parts, from the big to little, from the abstract to the concrete, that is to say they should each agreement on usual terms, then begin to talk about the concrete terms.And usually not until the end of the negotiation do they make compromise and promise based on all the items, and then to reach agreement. The west people are influenced by analytic thinking, so pay more attention to logical relations between things. They consider more about concrete things than integrity. And they tend discuss the concrete items at the beginning of negotiation, so they often r esolve the price, delivery and issuance respectively at first off. And they may make compromise at every detail, so the final contract is the crew of many little agreements.The negotiating structure is linked with cultures. Negotiating structure mostly refers to the number of the participants. In business negotiation, the foreign delegation is usually composed by 3-5 people, while the Chinese one could be more 15 people. The foreign negotiators not only need to negotiate with their counterparts but also need to discuss with relate person in charge or the government. When making the final decisions, the Chinese negotiators often discuss the results repeatedly from the workers to the board to avoid being decided by a single person. That results from the influence of collectivism.So they often said to their partners Let us think about it. Let us discuss it. But the west negotiators could make the final decision without exhalation back for discussion. That because their admire indiv idualism and hard working. They have strong independence. They would carry on according to the best ways later knowing their goals. Whats more, most west people think that they have the ability to deal with the negotiation situation on their own. And truly, they are brave liberal to take responsibility. 2. 3 Impact of Thinking Model Differences on International Business NegotiationThe thinking model of Chinese tends to be comprehensive, concrete and curved, while the Americans are usually analytic, abstract and straight-line. We Chinese are accustomed to talking about general principles at first and then move onto details. To Chinese negotiators, the core is the general guideline, and the details are subject to the guideline. later figuring out the big picture, other problems are easier to resolve. It is the most obvious feature of Chinese negotiators. But west businessmen, especially Americans are likely to discuss the details first and try to avoid the principle.They value deta ils very much and think noting about the unity. Accordingly, they want to discuss the details at the beginning of negotiation. They are direct and simple in negotiation. As a matter of fact, many facts show that General principles first have impact of constriction on the parts and details. For instance, our government insists on the principle that Hong Kong and Macao are undivided parts of Chinas territory. In the important diplomatic negotiations such as Entering into relationship with America, Hong Kongs and Macaos Coming back into their motherland.It is under such principle that we established the tone of the negotiation and controlled the skeleton of the negotiation, thus we get the advantage and prompt the success of negotiation. 3. Coping Strategy of Negotiating across Cultures The culture differences in cross-cultural communication have heterogeneous impacts on operation of enterprises. These differences will influence negotiation and management of transnational operation wh ats more, it may have bad effects on the harmonised relationship between our clownish and foreign countries.Maybe that will lead to the missing of market opportunities, the increase of trade cost and the low efficiency of company management. So, it is real necessary for us all to eliminate and avoid disadvantageous effects. 3. 1 Making Preparations before Negotiation. The negotiators must make good preparations if they want control the development of negotiation successfully in the complex situation. Only do they make good preparations can they make changes freely according to the situation of negotiation and avoid the happening of conflicts. Because the international business negotiation involves extensive aspects, more preparations are needed.The preparations often include the analysis of the negotiators themselves and the opponents the constitution of negotiation group, elaborating the negotiating goal and strategy and going on imitation negotiation when necessary. When making preparations, you should try to know the opponents while you analyze yourselves. Analyzing yourselves mainly refers to studying if the project is feasible. To knowing about the opponents means understanding their strength such as credit status, the policy? business customs and regulations of their countries and the conditions of their negotiating members and so on. . 2 Overcoming Cultural Prejudice Tolerating different cultures and overcoming cultural prejudice fall in to better communicating with each other and understanding each other. West people often think that they are powerful, capable and experienced, so sometimes, we need to neck then and give then some good comments. We should learn about the foreign cultures before negotiation and accept and understand their cultures in negotiation, because every country regard their own cultures as a matter of course and hope that their culture could be recognized and accepted. 3. Conquering Communication Barriers Two trains running a t different railways in the opposite direction will collide with each other maybe this is the best arrangement for trains. But to communication between people, there wont be communications if people go ahead according to their own ways. Trains will collide with each other if they run on the same railway at the opposite direction. But if we measure by the objective of peoples communication, only we meet each other, can we have communication and friendship. In negotiation, sometimes we cant make much progress although we have talked for long time.And sometimes both parties are not satisfied. After thinking, that is caused by communication barriers which happen easily in cross-cultural negotiation. We should make sure if there appear communication barriers, if so, we must overcome them. Generally speaking, we should pay more attention to the following three communication barriers in cross-cultural negotiation the communication barriers caused by culture background of both the ones caus ed by misunderstand of the contents and information from the partner the ones caused by not being willing to accept the opponents contents and ideas.Conclusion Social Customs varies in different countries. In a word, cross- cultural communication will meet the problem of culture differences surely. In turn, culture differences also influence all aspects of international business communication. To avoid or to resolve the culture differences is a huge task in international business negotiation. In order to step into the international market successfully, we must have the awareness of culture differences, acknowledge culture differences and understand different cultures.Try to know yourself and know them. Whats more, we should respect different behavior of businessmen under different culture background, and then we could reduce unnecessary conflicts resulting from not respecting the opponents. It is beneficial for both to form an atmosphere of mutual trust and cooperation, reduce cult ure differences and turn disadvantages into advantages and benefits. Thus, we could avoid conflicts and obstacles, then to promote communication and harmony in international business negotiation. Bibliography 1George Yule. The study of LanguageM. Cambridge University Press,2000202-209 2Harvey, Paul,,The Oxford Companion to English Literature M. London Oxford University Press. 197823-25 3Philip R Harris, Managing Cultural Differences M. Gulf Publishing Company, 1987234-260 4Wang Cheng fa. A Glimpse of Foreign Land J. Kaifeng Henan Univesity Press, 200058-62 5. M. ,20002-6 6 M. ,2004 7.. M ,2003340-342 8. M. ,2001 Acknowledgements As acknowledgements for my paper, only I the writer is responsible for the shortcomings. I much acknowledges my convey to all my teachers, especially to Miss Liu Mifan, my supervisor, who has provides me support, critical ideas and careful suggestions. I also want to thank my family who always give me time, encouragement and secretarial services, e specially my parents. Finally, my schoolmate and friends, who provided thoughtful and thorough reviews of my paper, must be acknowledged.

How Does Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ Link to Different Poems?

In alone the different texts that were studied, the themes of Love & conflict are ap foster. In Shakespeares Play Romeo and Juliet, we get the impression that possibly the nurse has to a greater extent affection for Juliet compared to her actual farms. It was the nurse that raised and breastfed her. Her parents seem to be quite impertinent and distanced and are more interested in controlling her. However, we see their genuine affection for her when they are sorrowful after they discover Juliets death. In Catrin, like the Capulets, we can see the mother, Gillian Clarke attempting to control her daughter.But this is not a significant face-off just a petty dispute in which the mother recognises that conflict pass on of every time be a part of mother/daughter relationships. This can be seen in What has Happened to truelove, where the confrontation between mother and daughter has escalated to the point where the daughter felt she must leave. Similarly, in the poem, A raffish sh adow, Alice is angry as her mothers love is controlling and smothering. The texts suggest that relationships are not always healthy between parents and daughters.The structure of Romeo and Juliet takes the form of a traditional narrative with the developing problem of Juliets arranged wedding party reaching a climax with her death then a resolution of the feuding families reconciling. In Catrin, the classical structure is abandoned and replaced with a more complex narrative beginning with a flashback. It is the lonesome(prenominal) at the end where we understand their conflict. In A Frosty Night and What has happened to Lulu? We see a more traditional structure with the story unfolding in a chronological way.However, what is interesting slightly the twentieth century texts is that none of them are resolved at the end unlike Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeares diarrhea is quite alike A Frosty Night as the conflict is revealed through dialogue plot of ground in Catrin and What Has Hap pened to Lulu the narrative is conveyed through the first person. The social and historical contexts of the texts are marked differently. Romeo and Juliet was pen in the late 16th century while the other poems were written in the modern daytime and, therefore, reflects the attitudes and values of their times.In Romeo and Juliet, unlike today, children werent expected to question the authority of their parents. Moreover, it was the tradition for parents to arrange their childrens marriage and sometimes leads to serious conflict. This is evident in Shakespeares play and ultimately leads to the death of both children. In all the poems, the conflict in a parent-child relationship isnt as serious as in Romeo and Juliet. While Alice and Lulu felt restricted and constrained by their mothers they could at least have acted more assertive with their parents and even leave home as Lulus disappearance was.In Catrin, the conflict is of a trivial nature which would make occurrence in most famil ies. Despite their apparent differences, what is remarkable is that parent/child conflict has persisted through time and therefore it is possible to understand the confrontation between Juliet and her parents even though it was written over four hundred years ago. In all the texts, powerful emotive language is illustrated. In Romeo and Juliet, we see Old Capulet verbally attacks Juliet in an aggressive and intemperate manner, Hang thee, Young BaggageDisobedient Wretch he screams. While in Catrin, Clarke uses the powerful parable tight red rope of love which we both fought over. In A Frosty Night, Robert Graves ends the poem and the mother/daughter conversation with Alice sh placeing, Mother let me go. Also, in What Has Happened to Lulu the younger sibling reveals I heard someone cry, in anger or in twinge. Perhaps it is not surprising that emotive language is employed after all the poems are borne out of love.

Miniver Cheevy Essay

In the poem Miniver Cheevy the author emphasizes the problems of the main character. The poem shows Minivers disposition to have been natural in medieval times. His longing is changed to joy when he thinks about this period in history The vision of a warrior bold / Would set him dancing. (Lines 7-8) As the reader becomes acquainted with Miniver, he sees him as a romantic daydreamer with the fantasy of being a knight. He hates the fact he was born in this day and age. He even hates the day he was born, He wept that he was ever born, / And he had reasons. (3-4)The author feels that Miniver is torn between reality and fantasy. He knows that Miniver is not satisfied with his life. He describes Miniver as ardent for the past, Miniver sighed for what was not, / And dreamed, and rested from his labors /He dreamed of Thebes and Camelot, /And Priams neighbors. (9-12) The author knows that Miniver wishes to live in medieval times or some other glorious period in history. On the surface, b oth the characters Richard Cory and Miniver Cheevy seem to be unreserved and easily understood. However, both are complex individuals with demons that drive them.They are similar in their dissatisfaction with their lives. They are several(predicate) in the methods that they use to face their dissatisfaction, but both characters have a void in their lives that is the outset of their dis sum. This void compels them to partake in actions that are detrimental to their lives. Richard attempts to solve his problem when he commits suicide. Evidently his riches is not fulfilling enough to overcome his inner turmoil. His mannerisms in public portray him as man content with himself and his wealth.In fact, the towns volume long to be like him. In fine we thought that he was everything/To absorb us wish that we were in his place (lines 11-12) His demons overwhelm him, and he is sick of hiding behind the pretension of a prosperous man who seems to be content. In the end Richard takes his life and ends his delusion with society. Unlike Richard Cory, Miniver Cheevy, chooses a different route to end his discontent. His soul aches to live in a different time and place. He tries to resolve this agony by detaching himself from reality.He daydreams of a more romantic era and the gallant people who live there. Miniver loved the days of old/ When swords were bright and steeds were prancing. (5-6) He seems to do most of his daydreaming patch drinking. His drinking does not lead to a solution. Instead, his life is a continuous daily round of discomfort and pain that longs for a different life. He attempts to drown this pain with drinking, Miniver Cheevy, born too late, /Scratched his head and kept on thinking /Miniver coughed, and called it fate, /And kept on drinking. (29-32) Minivers problems only get worse. He fuels the fire with his consumption of alcohol, and the cycle begins again.

Piano Concerto in a Major, K. 488

Mozart completed the flabby Concerto in A study, K. 488, in March 1786 and it is a graceful piece in three movements. It utilize a sm either orchestra with two flutes, two clarinets in A, two bassoons, and two horns in A, a want with the coarse string orchestra. The first movement embodies the form called a sonata form with double expounding. This form is common in concerti and one feature of this form is that the first expo does not end with a double parapet and repeat sign indicating a literal repeat of the expo.Instead the first exposition is for the orchestra without the soloist, and does not tone up to and pause in the preponderant, but stays in the tonic recognize throughout. When the soloist enters a secondly exposition begins which does modulate to the dominant key (or relative major if the work is in a minor key), and the second exposition does indeed cadence in the dominant. The only other variance from a standard (non-concerto) sonata form is the traditional istic cadenza, which occurs near the end of the recapitulation of the movement. The second theme is presented following a transitional section.In the first exposition it is in the key of A, but in the second exposition it is heard in the dominant key of E Major. This phrase ends with a half cadence, and the following phrase ends with a PAC, creating a double tally period. The law of closure theme is more intense in character and features interplay between the winds and strings as salutary as frequent use of the borrowed subdominant chord. It includes a number of different melodic ideas and concludes with a strong heartbeat PAC in A Major in meter 62. The second exposition begins in measure 67 with the first theme stated by the solo pianist.The major difference in this exposition is the modulation to the dominant key of E Major, which takes place in the Transition section in measures 82-98. This second exposition ends in a surprising way in measure 142 with the half cadence loc omote on the fourth beat of the measure and the music abruptly ceasing, creating a dramatic pause that is followed by an entirely new theme, which begins the development section. This new theme is in E Major and provides virtually all of the melodic harmony heard throughout the development section.Following this embellished theme in E Major, the music begins to shard this new theme and moves into key areas associated with the key of A minor as opposed to A Major. The keys touched(p) on include E minor, C Major, F Major, and D minor. An especially nice passage is anchor in mm. 170-178. It features the clarinet and flute in a canon based on the new theme, while the soloist maintains a running sixteenth note figure. Harmonically it begins in the key of D minor and traces the circle of fifths to a cadence on an E major chord in measure 178.Since E Major is the dominant chord of A Major this initiates a prolongation of the dominant of A Major in measures 178-189. A sort of mini-cadenz a occurred in 189-198, which leads to the Recapitulation beginning in measure 198. The Recapitulation restates all of the themes heard in the exposition, now all in the key of A Major, with the soloist and orchestra interacting, unlike the first exposition. A particularly long Coda section begins in measure 261 with the reintroduction of the development sections New theme, presented now by the soloist alone, and in the key of A Major for the first time.Like the beginning of the development section, including the dramatic pause, it is followed by the unflustered restatement of the New theme by the orchestra (290). This breaks off though and leads through a series of forte chords to the traditional tonic 6/4 chord paving the way for the cadenza. The cadenza is fundamentally a greatly expand prolongation of the V chord. Following the cadenza the orchestra enters in a forte tutti statement with material drawn from the closing theme first presented in measure 49. A decisive PAC in A Maj or occurs in m. 309 followed by a prolongation of the tonic chord to the movements end.