The Pressing Problem In The Prison System Criminology Essay

The Pressing Problem In The prison System Criminology EssayThere atomic number 18 three custodial establishments for younker concourse, they be little offender institutions, Secure training centres and Secure tiddlerrens homes. The Standing Committee for y erupth jurist (2010) accounted that during the conclusion of 1989 to 2009, the peasant custody population in England and Wales increased by 795%. There is no obvious enjoin showing that the young villainy comport more(prenominal) serious recently, but more young people was sent to prisons. These large amounts of young pris whizrs have already brought a big pressure to the prison trunk, and it has become an alarming issue in England and Wales.The prison lives are untold more badly than we imagined. They are drop from the society, some of you whitethorn say they are put in the prison be pretend they commit abomination, it is fair enough. incarceration of offenders may have deterrence effect as they will not furthe r commit crime in the future, but the truth is the reoffending rate understood stays high. For this, I always doubt Do we need to incarcerate all under-age offenders? and Do prisons score for all offenders?. Prison may defecate more personal and social problems that we never expect. Also, children who sentenced to prisons have their own problems or difficulties before they getting sent to prison, it may include poor family backgrounds or drugs abuse, etc. These make the prison strategy more difficult to dispense these children, and thus causing the problem of resources and management.Many concerning parties are doing different reforms as they want to reduce the number. Prison tidy bank is one of the charities who promote alternatives to custody. It has launched a new campaign Out of Trouble in particular helps those children and young people who are imprisoned in the UK. Also, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child bind 36(d) verbalize that custody be use d as a last resort. However, Prison Reform Trust criticized the juvenile court doesnt follow it strictly.Everyone understands that the statuses of children and adult are different, it is assumed that child should have more stake than adult. Children are important capital to our future society, so the prison body has greater responsibilities to help those early days offenders a better future. Under this perspective, people always argue about the purpose of imprisoning a child should be different from the adult one too. Society always place greater hope on these groups of vulnerable children. No matter the society, passkeys or the government, they will put greater emphasis on replenishment rather than punishment, but the problem is how to make a balance between punishment and rehabilitation?The for the first time thing to concern about is resources, thats the money-cost. Many news reports complained that youth custody spent too frequently but with an unpleasant outcome in retur n. Every year some millions of pounds are wasted for locking up children for committing both violent and non-violent offences, it is extremely costly but fails to reduce the amount of crime. According to the report Punishing cost How locking up children is making Britain less safe(2010), Aleksi Knuutila stated that holding a child in prison costs about 100,000 a year in England and Wales. Prison Trust Reform always argues that some very minor offences will result in custodial sentences, and they state that non-violent crime offenders should not be sentenced to prison as it is a waste of resources.However, the Independent Commission on Youth Crime and Antisocial Behavior (2010) showed a disappointing result of reconviction rate, three quarters of all young people leaving custody re-offend within a year which means almost three out of four young offenders reoffend within a year after they release. We have already paid many millions for these youths, but we just did very little to cha nge their behavior and protect the society.Except the money cost, we female genitalia see that the present system has limit ability to help these vulnerable child back to the rightfield tracks. At first, people believe harsher punishment dejection help to deter them from doing further criminal behavior. simply the truth is that the lives in prison make youngsters get closer to crime, or even breeding them into professional criminals. This is one of the struggle points for the prison system to manage and allocate those youngsters in the right places.The prison system withal needs to try their best to ensure that children in prison still have their neat lives, which include giving them educational have a bun in the oven and mentally support. As children are valuable capitals to our future society, although they did something wrong, they still have the chance to reveal. Education is important to youngsters at any places, this feces help youngsters to build up different kinds o f skills and abilities, thus integrate back to normal life easier when they release. Most of the public support that youth institutions should give education and training to the children in prisons, this places great pressure on the prison system further they have already put a lot of resources in providing children different education and training at heart the prisons.Moreover, there is still statistics showed that the prison system is not doing enough for the children. According to the report Training provision for children and young people (2010), it stated that prisons are failing to adequately prepare young people for release. unrivaled of the problems is that there is lack of accredited offending behavior programmes for the young prisoners. Even those young prisoners set up some targets for their training plans, they may not find suitable programme to achieve them through the handcuffs period. Also, it is reported that many children release from prisons till have difficul ties in their hold ining. This showed that the prison system doesnt spend well, and they cannot learn what they should learn in the prisons.Special attention should also be put on childs psychological needs. interior the prison, juvenile will be allocated into different cells. It is not easy to adapt the prison lives, and it may cause them different psychological problems, such as depression. The Standing committee for youth justice report (2010) stated that Boys in custody are 18 times more likely to suicide than children in the community. We can see that it is a serious problem inside the prisons. However, it is not possible for all prison officers to have specific training to handle these problems. If the problem is ignored for a certain period of time, it may cause them suffer from some more serious mental problems. Handling the psychological needs of offenders has become one of the responsibilities of the prison system, but resources are limited for them. Again, it places gre ater pressure on prisons work.Evidences of reconviction rate have also showed that the present prison system is failing to restore and rehabilitate children in their prison lives. The prison system should ensure the children learn from their mistakes and the moral values through their sentences. It is important for youngsters to understand what is right and wrong, and why they are punished, it can reduce the possibilities of reoffending. However, it may bring some negative effects to the child and society, and even cannot quicken them in reintegration and rehabilitation. Organizations of protecting children always advocate the use of community sentences, for this, children can learn from community and learn in community. Community support is important to youth offenders, if they build up good relationship with the community, they can be integrate back into the community more easily. However, the prison system does not do much in this area and still has rooms for improvement.As ment ioned above, youth prison is required to do differently. not alone punishing them for their wrongdoings, but to fix their brain. It is important to do more about rehabilitation, reformation and reintegration. Children are vulnerable and relatively inexperienced with the world, they are easily affected by the external factors. If child only arrange to do some routine works in prison, it is impossible for us to change their behavior. The system need to develop a different approach for them as it has greater responsibilities to restore and reform them. However, it is not a simple task.Setting up and working with a system which is different from the adult system, it has already made child in custody under 18 the most pressing issue in the prison system. Prison officers have many challenging works like providing children proper educational support in prison, taking care of child psychological needs, working with communities, doing work of rehabilitation, etc. All these work has given th e prison system many challenges and making the child in custody under 18 becomes the most pressing issue in the prison system.Words 1541ReferencesStanding Committee for Youth referee (2010), Raising the custody threshold. for sale from, The Howard League for Penal Reform sack up land aim http//www.scyj.org.uk/files/Raising_the_custody_threshold_SummaryAug10_FINAL.pdf Accessed November 2, 2010Youth Justice Board (2010), Youth justice system Custody figures . Available from, Youth Justice Board entanglement site http//www.yjb.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/643A66F6-0DFC-4621-90C0-8EA27AD9FA99/0/SecureMonthlyReportAugust2010.xls Accessed November 2, 2010.Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (1990), United Nations Convention on the Rights. Available from, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Web site http//www2.ohchr.org/english/law/crc.htm Accessed November 2, 2010.Aleksi Knuutila (2010), Punishing costs How locking up children is maki ng Britain less safe. Available from, The New Economics Foundation Web site http//www.outoftrouble.org.uk/sites/default/files/nef_Punishing_Costs_0.pdf Accessed November 5, 2010The Independent Commission On Youth Crime and Antisocial Behavior (2010), Time for a fresh start. Available from, the Independent Commission on Youth Crime and Antisocial Behavior Web site http//www.youthcrimecommission.org.uk/attachments/076_FreshStart.pdf Accessed November 5, 2010.Inspectorate of Prisons (2010), Training planning for children and young people. Available from, Youth Justice Board Web site http//www.justice.gov.uk/inspectorates/hmi-prisons/docs/Training_Planning_Thematic_rps.pdf Accessed November 5, 2010.