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Thursday, January 31, 2019

Human Consciousness Essay -- Technology, ICT

Technological developments assume an integral part of man history. In the recent years, studies channelise that the advances in engine room have penetrated into the tender-hearted representation of life thus changing the daily life of multitude. One study of human life that has been affected by applied science is the human sentience (Halal, 2008). The emergence of new technologies has led to greater impact on the human form of brain. It is noted that information, communication and technologies have affected the human consciousness in more(prenominal) profound ways. Studies also indicate that the predominant operation and use of engine room has led to a change in the human consciousness especially concerning the cognition, sense of ego, perception and memory of individuals. This paper seeks to critically analyze the impact of communication, information and engineering science on these elements of the human consciousness. Studies indicate that consciousness and the mind have been dominated by the modern technology. However, it appears more problematic to understand consciousness and the outstanding issues that surround the effects of technology on the mind. There are numerous theorist and authors who have trite to define the word consciousness based on their disciplines. This paper adopts calamus kurzweil definition of what consciousness means. He defined consciousness as a subjective experience that makes human beings to have a sense of self-perception and self awareness. Based on this definition, consciousness implies that consciousness is what determines human survival. Consequently, it can be argued that with the emergence of new technologies, the human survival has undergone tremendous changes that have changed how race feel, imagine,cuture and beliefs, choice, ac... ...d memory which has changed the brain structure where many people use technology memory devices rather than on that point brains for keeping memory of ideas or experience. This is verbalize to result to degradation of the human memory where individual l cannot record information because of overreliance on technological memory devices (Elsweiler, Ruthven & Jones, 2007).In sum, impact of technology on consciousness is immense. In both practical and theoretical terms, technology present greater opportunities for development of human consciousness while at the same time remaining a bigger threat to it. Nevertheless, if people have to realize the most benefit from these technologies on development of consciousness, there is need to embrace its positive value while working toward decrease its negative aspects on the development of sense of self, cognition, perception and memory.

Wednesday, January 30, 2019

Hate Crime :: essays research papers

On October tenth of 2004, eleven Christians were arrested for street witnessing on a public sidewalk during a gay pride event. Charges were dropped against sextuplet of them, but four adults and one juvenile faced serious charges on a lower floor Philadelphias hate crime laws. These quintuple people were charged with criminal conspiracy, heathenish intimidation, reckless endangerment, and inciting a riot. Each person, if convicted, faced 47 geezerhood in prison and a $90,000 fine. The state of Pennsylvania recently added ethnical intimidation to its hate crime law on December 5, 2002. at a lower place this section discourse for the Bible is now considered hate speech and is flagitious in a public forum. Philadelphia prosecutor Charles Ehrlich attacked the protesters as hateful and claimed that preaching from the Bible about homosexuality is considered fighting words that can be banned from the public square as an incitement to a riot.     In title 18 of t he first amendment, it is clearly proven that these Christians did break the law. I do agree with what they were preaching. It is unfortunate that Christians are now being arrested for manduction the gospel in public. The bible clearly states that as Christians, we are vatical to share the good tidings. In the book of Mathew, chapter nine, verse thirty-five says, saviour went through all the towns and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the good news of the kingdom and healing every disease and sickness.     As Christians, we are sibylline to be like Jesus in every aspect of our lives, and these five Christians were doing what they were called to do. However, by doing this, they were breaking the law and in doing so, they needed to be held accountable. detestation DEFINED.--A PERSON COMMITS THE OFFENSE OF ETHNIC INTIMIDATION IF, WITH MALICIOUS INTENTION TOWARD THE literal OR PERCEIVED RACE, COLOR, RELIGION OR, NATIONAL ORIGIN, ANCESTRY, MENTAL OR somatogenetic DISABILITY, SEXUAL ORIENTATION, GENDER OR GENDER IDENTITY OF AN opposite someone OR GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS, HE COMMITS AN OFFENSE UNDER ANY OTHER PROVISION OF THIS ARTICLE.

Death of a salesman on the American Dream

The American envisage has stood to be from each one someones idea of success. The American dream is usually associated with 1940s America depiction of the standard family, as can be depicted from television shows such as Leave it to Beaver. However, this is one aspect and shallow analysis of the American dream that is not appropriate for all reaching to achieve their American dream. In Arthur Millers terminal ofa Sales adult male, Miller succeeds in portraying this through the characters testamenty and Biff.Their interlocking represents deuce varying perspectives of the American dream, and this very struggle eads to the conclusion that the American dream is rooted in the hobbyhorse of a better life. Throughout Death of a Salesman, Miller portrays two ideas of the American dreams and it is definite that they are American dreams as they both deal with success and that characters idea of success. Though, this is where characters views differ and conflict with one another.Willys American dream is to have his children succeed and to leave his clinical depression on the society which he was unable to succeed in doing so in a life long career as a salesman. Further more than, Willy lived in the ideology that being well liked was far more important and and necessary than being a Bernard type of person and extend to a living based on his studies. Willys belief and encouragement of this ideology upon his sons influenced Biff immensely. As a result, Biff did not put the sudor into his studies that would have enabled him to pass math and graduate high school and belong on to a university.Willy says, Because the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead. Be liked and you will never want. You get by me, for instance. I never have to wait in line to bring in a buyer. Willy Loman is here Thats all they have to know and I go right through. (Act 1) According to Willy, someone who is capable of invoking personal interest in those around them will be more thriving regardless of ones companionship or intelligence.Biffs American dream is to free himself from the barriers of expectations, specifically those of his father. To free himself from his fathers want dream for him and move towards his consume chosen life which is to live and own a ranch is the country. However, Biff only came to realize his dream by and by in his adult life as opposed to only pleasing is father as he did as a child. It was only after the calamity of discover his fathers affair did Biff drift away from Willys expectations.It is as he becomes resolute to follow his own dreams rather than his fathers expectations he says, Will you let me go, for Christs sake? Will you take that phony dream and hit the ceiling it before something happens. (Act 2) This statement come from his final conversation with his father as Biff shows his last attempt to show Willy the he is not the person he thought Biff would be. Nevertheless, it was fear of Biff defecting from becoming the lofty person Willy dreamed Biff would be that lead Willy to his downfall.As well as the crumbling of Willys American dream for Biff. The final message of Death of a Salesman is that a persons American dream is whatever one perceives it means be successful. apprehension of displacement from that Biff not becoming successful defined by Willys expectations for him, and such fear can destroy ones American dream. Had it not been for Willys atmospheric pressure on Biff to follow his ideology and become his fathers expectations, Biff would not have disregarded his studies and would have been able to graduate high school, and ecome successful in his own way.Biffs American dream differs from that of the standard set by theAmerican dream of 1940s America. The lifestyle viewed as being the family of an American citizen of that fourth dimension would be a young man, a young woman, with one-third adorable children in t he suburbs. However, Biff seems content with living like this, as the lifestyle depicted to be the goals of the American people are not suitable to him. The American dream depicted by the society of that time is Just one of many interpretations of the true American dream the pursuit of a happy life.

Tuesday, January 29, 2019

Determining the Mole Ratios in a Chemical Reaction Essay

The purpose of this lab was to determine the mole ratios of the reactants hypochlorite ion (OCI ) and thiosulfate (S O ) when reacted in a chemical reaction. A chemical equation gives the mole ratios of the reactants and products mingled in the chemical reaction. When some relieve oneselfulas of the products be not known, experimental measurements deal be made to determine those ratios. During this reaction, hypochlorite ions oxidize the thiosulfate ions according to the unbalanced and partial reaction below.A OCI + B S O productsThe reactions are either exothermic, so the heat produced will be at a time proportional to the heart and soul of reaction that occurs. Theres an objective of this experiment and its Measure the enthalpy change of a series of reactionsDetermine the stoichiometry of an oxidation-reduction reaction in which the reactants are known but the products are unknown MaterialsLab requireLab Quest AppTemp. ProbeTwo 10mL have cylindersTwo 25mL graduated cylin dersTwo 50 mL graduated cylindersThree 250mL beakers0.50 M atomic number 11 hypochlorite, NaOCI0.50 M sodium thiosulfate, Na S O0.2 M sodium hydroxide, NaOHStyrofoam CupsProcedureSubmitted as the carbon-less copy of the pre-lab outline (see attached) Results and DiscussionDuring this experiment we first, hustling the solutions of the reactants in which the concentrations are known. Second, we mixed the solutions a number of times development different ratios of reactants. Third, the change of temperature is the property that needs to be measured. All the reactions are all exothermic, so heat thats produced will be directly proportional to the amount of reaction that occurs.The experiment was designed so that the script of solution is a constant for all measurements, the temperature change will in any case be proportional to the quantity of reactants consumed. The total number of moles of reactants is also unplowed a constant for the series of measurements. Considering that each measurement is made with a different mole ratio of reactants.The optimum ratio (determined after the results of the trials are graphed) is the stoichiometric ratio in the equation, which concludes that it should consume the greatest amount of reactants, form the greatest amount of products, and generate the most heat and maximum temperature change.

Efficiency and Inefficiency of The Global Stock Market

The perception of efficiency is middle to economics. archetypical and foremost, the term efficiency is use to explain a commercialize in which pertinent in sequence is confiscate into the price of pecuniary assets. This is the briny focal point of the research appraisal here.Occasionally, though, economists use this word to push to ready efficiency, highlight the way resources are working to make clear the operation of the market. The majority of this appraisal is concerned by the meaning, that is the informational efficiency of monetary markets. At the end of this research, we besides believe the microstructure of monetary markets (Dimson, Elroy 2001, pp. 197-226).2. Practically inefficientNo precariousness The efficient procedure of price strength of mind can be contrasted with an incompetent market, in which, according to the hypothesis, the pre-conditions for efficient cost (ideal information, lots of endorsement market participants) have not been assemble and value may b e determined by issue such as insider trading, institutional purchasing power, propaganda, panic and stock market bubbles and further collective cognitive or touching behavioral biases.Generally, the majority of the mature markets, such as those of the magnetic north America, West Europe and Japan, are close to the efficient end, as those deep growing markets, such as those in South America, Eastern Europe, Africa and the majority of the Asian area, are closer to the inefficient end, or even repress by inefficiency.3. mainland China as a special version footnoting this theory.Chinas securities market overview.Wang Sen, Li Jingping and Liu Xin from Shanxi University of Finance, China, once conducted a data-analysis, where Shanghai Stock Index used as price moving curve was compared with the payoff curve figure through the weighted average of stocks payoffs.An interesting finding was that, even though the Index moved violently, the corresponding payoff level was fairly stable. In another word, it seems that the price movement of a stock has nothing to do with its immanent value, which is against classic finance theories (Elroy and Massoud Mussavian 2000).Macro-EconomicallyNeedless to say, a countrys securities market is far more than delicate and sensitive than the overall economy of that country. That could be the reason wherefore the securities market is called the forerunner or the indicator of national or, nowadays, global economy.And that could also be the reason why centralized management in a planned economy wont work for securities market (even if it does for the whole economy for the measure being) the system is just too complicated and chaotic to be centrally or planned.All these largely explain one of the weird things in China the securities market has lost its identity as the indicator for the national economy. For the concluding twenty years, Chinas economy has developed at an incredibly fast pace, season its securities market also deterio counts with ridiculously huge downfalls.As shown the charts below, Chinas economy growth rate has been gradually decreasing from as high as 14.2% in 1992 to 7.1%-8% after 1998. However, the stock index as shown below is more like suffering from a crash landing on thin ice. Its radically a different story than the countrys economic growth tells.

Saturday, January 26, 2019

Introduction of My Proposed System Essay

The rapid attainment of computers in our society has made our daily workloads easier and more complete. With its vast development, we direct to set ourselves in its change and go with its flow. It had changed the views of many people to hawk or after their way of doing their task from a manual strategy to a more detailed computerized system. Computer arranges communication easier and faster. Getting affiliated to different kinds of people around the web its not rugged anymore.Technology had innovated our industry to move progressive and competent to our society, it introduced different ship canal to improved life. Such an instance is the improved computation and processing of info for our daily use. Computer technology is controlling the growth of our society in terms of information systems because the role of computer is the center of the innovational primary(prenominal) technology. Computer is a programmable electronic device that performs prescribed operations on data l ike calculations and sorting of files at high speed.The development of the modern day computer was the result of advances in technologies and mans invite to quantify. Papyrus helped early man to record language and numbers. The abacus was one of the graduation exercise counting machines. Some of the earlier mechanical counting machines lacked the technology to make the design work. Technology influences the people positively or negatively depending on how people used technology in their daily lives. You can narrate that it changes the views of users of information and it changes the world we live in, technically it had made our industry taxonomic and revolutionized.See more how to start an essayInformation Technology is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based faction of computing and telecommunications. Furthermore, technology had changed continuously like how people communicate, t ransport products in the industry and live in daily basis. Technology is considered almost as an absolute necessity for growth and development it has a very tough role in many aspects of our lives, the answers of mankinds circumstances.Technology leads to the rise of our lives and it make things easier. Computer systems can make our daily workloads to more accurate and easier. The basic advantages of a computerized delivery deposit system are force and speed. In a manual system, clients deposit their cash in saving account book and record to official receipt then preserve to Cash Receipt Book and manually posted in foot soldier ledgers. While in withdrawing, client sign up a insularism slip then recorded to voucher and posted in supplemental ledgers and lastly, the cashier an cash the withdrawn savings.

Possitive and Negative Influences on Growth and Development Essay

Income is the gold that comes into the home. This could be compenscapable through employment, savings, and investments or from benefits that will be paid by the government if a person is unemployed or who perk up a disability. Expenditure is money spent to provide for everyday breathing needs, the fall of expenditure is determined through household income.PositiveIf you clear a high income it ceases you better choices of housing, diet, education, wellness services and transport. Having a high income will lead to a higher expenditure, having this it will lead to a better life style. Accommodation will be more able and there will less chance of health risks, this will amount to a better quality living. Affording to pay for health c be such(prenominal) as private care or just being able to afford for medication if you fall ill. If you have a more flush expenditure you will have a better source of food for thought and more opportunities for fresh products and less processed f oods. More extravagant food such as rich foods and wines are affordable and are a good boost. Being able to afford transport will allow an adult the ability to get to and from places such as advance education. A steady income will produce less stress and worry if everything is chthonian control.NegativeBeing able to afford heating bills will hold on illnesses such as respiratory problems, this will be caused to omit of heating and this will amount to increase in damp. Unnecessary household problems from lack of income can cause debt. More processed foods will be in the diet as they are a lot cheaper than fresh yield and vegetables for example. Health will plummet dramatically if sufficient heating and health care is not in place. Heart attacks, stress and depression are all part of having an unhealthy life style. Having a low income makes it severe to get about using public transport or walkway tends to be the only option, so to take part in further education it may be difficu lt and will put a lot of lower income family off going into further education. living accommodationsHousing is important to every person. It is where you live and a place to make memories.

Thursday, January 24, 2019

Loblaws Hepatitis a Class Ction Essay

Index Introduction of the Loblaws Hepatitis A Class Action incident3 Introduction of Loblaws company3 comment of class action4 The reason of the incident5 Serious impacts and negative media coverage5 Alternatives6 a)Precautions before the issue arises6 b)Remedy after the issue occurred7 Recommendations7 Background of the Loblaws Hepatitis A Class Action incidentOn September 3, 2002, a class action was launched in Toronto to against Loblaws alleging that customers and other persons may have been exposed to the Hepatitis A virus because of allegedly contaminated constitute at Loblaws Humbercrest store located at 3671 Dundas Street West in Toronto. This lawsuit relates to an employee of Loblaws infected with Hepatitis A. Although the identity of this employee was not disclosed, the fact was confirmed that this employee, who worked in the character of the store in which products were prepared, displayed and sold, has caused the infection to spread.Thousands of customers of Loblaws ob tained an inoculation following the acknowledgment of the infected individual as an employee of Loblaws, working in the produce section of one of its stores. On June 15, 2006, the Settlement of this action was approved by the pucka Court. Loblaws would pay $150. 00 to each class member and all the cost of notification, administration, and dissemination of the settlement fees. However, Loblaws supermarkets and loblaw companies didnt admit any wrongdoing or liability on their part.

Monday, January 21, 2019

How to Govern Effectively In a Corrupt Society Essay

Corruption can be simply defined as an act of fraudulenty for the sole affair of personal gain or selfish interest. It invariably means dishonest exploitations and scotch consumption of power for personal gains. Again, it means an immoral act of manipulation or depravity of material, power etc for ones selfish interest. To divorce the third initiation countries from corruption is literally a Herculean task. In as a lot as corruption, a great social vice, is non only represent in third world countries, it is quite peculiar and most ponderous in these nations.It afflicts all nations with bad leadership, which eventually spreads to different citizens. In every government, be it democratically elected or otherwise, it is almost impossible not to have at least a single corrupt someone in the ruling government. Corruption is a vicious circle, it inhibits study in nations, and thus bestowing much(prenominal) nation a third world rustic features. There atomic number 18 severa l pillowcases of corruption, which implicate Bribery flagitious accumulation of coin or material before doing ones ordained duty Graft illicit and illegal request of things by overt office holders.Patronage misuse of public position. Embezzlement misappropriation and mismanagement of fund Kickbacks nvolvement in organized crime etc. Other type of corruption apart from and political corruption include Corporate corruption, as the abuse of power by corporate managers against the shareholders or consumers. Causes of Corruption include i. Lack of transparency in the government when the governments activities are not advantageously accessible by the general public, the government escape to mismanage the publics fund and also deflower in all test of corrupt practices. ii.Bad leaders Corruption leaders do not only embezzle, them also do all sort immoral acts date in government. iii. Masses lack of interest in the government when the general public is not charismatic and is n ot particular in electing well(p) leaders in to government, it results in corruption. iv. Irresponsive government when government do not have programs that take care of the welfare and economic affairs of it citizen, citizen tend to take care of themselves in all sort of ways two fraudulent and corrupt ways. v. Weak accountability, lack of timely financial management.vi. want in a society where poverty is vast, the the vulgar tend to indulge in corruption to improve their finances. However, Political corruption is the most awful type of corruption for it affects not only the political system, it affects the entire preservation of the nation. The Economic effects include In the government, corruption undermines both economic and social development by creating distortions, extortion of the masses and inefficiency in the public office. It also brings about nepotism, which kills creativity and a value of self achievement.In the mystic sector, corruption simply increases the cost of production through the price of illegal payments and the management cost of negotiating with officials. It also leads to breached agreements, distrust and inflation. In several cases, the masses are the victims of corruption, it results into economic distortions in the public sector by divert public investment into capital projects where bribes and kickbacks are more plentiful. Again, tax payers money are diverted into private use by corrupt leaders. sociable amenities are either not provided or the few accessible are not maintained.Public Officials may increase the technical complexness of public sector projects to conceal or pave way for such dealings, thus further distorting investment. Corruption also lowers compliance with construction, environmental, or other regulations, reduces the quality of government services and infrastructure, and increases budgetary pressures on government. Types of leaders that could handle Corruptions The leaders that should be elected to tackle corruption are leaders which are well vast in democratic process. They should be well educated both in the history of their people and the development of democracy in the western world.To take a tip from the philosophers, a true ruler must highly intelligent, learned and well develop to democratic precedents. Again such leaders should be contentious, level headed, divinity fearing, incorrigible and most especially must be ready watch democratic due process in all cases. A flag-waving(prenominal) leader would not want his/her nation to be backward, hence would bit all corrupts advances proffered towards the development of the nation. Reference Dipo Irele, Corruption the evil against development. University press,Oyo state,Nigeria. 2002

Friday, January 18, 2019

Blood Brothers Evaluation Essay

In June 2004, myself and the rest of my GSCE Drama group travelled to capital of the United Kingdom to watch a performance of the fetch Blood Brothers by Willy Russell. Having fagvas the stand for in great detail four weeks previous to that day, we thirstily awaited dealing the play on be. A workshop with the vote counter beforehand gave us an insight to what it was like to be a fellow member of the cast and helped us further in relating to the characters themselves. I shall promptly prise the performance I saw discussing the mean(a) and elements of drama used in the play, and themes and symbols noted by means ofout.The play began with a all the same image slipd bathroom a gauze curtain. The simmer down image was that of the death scene amongst the two brothers at the end of the play, and the image was distorted slightly by red and blue ripples of light that were shined on the curtain itself. These ripples of light can be public opinion of on legion(predicate) lev els and can represent many contrasting things. When I thought about it the first thing that came to my brainpower was the ordering looking through the ripples of time which, in effect, was what we were doing.We were looking through the curtain and the ripples, and looking through time seeing an event that had not yet come to pass. The still image was constructed by each promoter in turn walking on stage and taking up their positions, this was good in building up tension in the interview as we were left wondering what the final picture would look like. at once the actors had taken up their positions, the gauze curtain lifted so we could see the image properly, and then having waited a while the actors left the stage, maven by one, in much the same way they entered.The narrator, however, did not leave the stage and proceeded to deliver his lines, explaining the image we had near seen. The beginning of the play, in contrast to the ending, build up an atmosphere of mystery and tension. The ending was much more of a sudden burst of shock. The begging of this play is not several(predicate) that of the far-famed play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare. Both plays begin with the end, as it were, with the opening lines tell us the events in the play and, indeed, the way it ends.This line describes how Romeo and Juliets circumstances was written in the stars, as if it were their destiny. This theme is very pregnant in both plays. The ending of the play was very tense, due to a subroutine of factors, and the climax to the final artilleryshots was successfully moving. The way that the policemen entered through the auditory modality gave the play a much more real feel to it. The earreach went from session and observing something, to being involved in it, and suddenly the sense of hearing anchor themselves right in the middle of all the action.This was a very telling technique to use, as it meant that the audience could relate more to what was happening. Mickeys body manner of speaking built tension. They way he shifted his weight, constantly, from one cornerstone to the other and his in-ability to find any words to say, showed his conflicted emotions and also do the audience feel nervous and anxious. After this sudden build up in tension, it seemed from the audiences point of view that the ending was clear. Both men, now knowing who they truly were would accept things and get on with their lives, living happily ever after.Even knowing what the end would, in fact, be, the thought still crossed my mind and when the gunshots went off, it was so unexpected that it took some time to gather in exactly what had taken place. This scene was extremely well portrayed, as it very make the audience feel what the characters were feeling and the fact that the audience just did not expect what was to come do it even more effective still. In the play the narrator played a very valu adequate branch. It was he who took on the port ion of bunch and destiny. Throughout the play it seemed, on occasion, that it was he who was controlling the events that were taking place.For example in the scene where the mothers made their cartel the production showed it was the narrator who introduced the idea of the leger. It was he who passed it to Mrs. Lyons, had he not done this then she may never of thought of the idea. This is not unlike that of a Greek chorus. In the olden times a chorus was used to narrate plays and the leader of this would often interact with the characters on stage. The unmixed presence of the narrator was incredibly foreboding as his body language and facial expressions were very sinister throughout the play.The fact that the narrator never left the stage also added to the feeling that he was controlling the trading floor and watching over everything that happened. Symbolism played a huge part in the play, so much so that it would take days to play it all. Props were used well as symbols throu ghout the play. A significant prop that was used in the play was the locket Mrs Johnstone gave to Eddie to remember her and Mickey as she thought they were never going to meet again. This prop consequently had the antonym effect. Another prop was the sweets Edward gave to Mickey as a gesture of friendship.This showed the audience that Edward was a character who used his personal belongings that he thought little of, to make friends. A prop that was used in different ways throughout the play was a gun. This prop went through the stages of firstly being a childs finger, then to an air gun and finally to a real gun. Another thing in the play that progressed as the play went on was the ages of the characters, the children especially. One thing that the director chose to do was to keep the same actors all the way through. There was not a 7year old playing the part of Mickey at 7.Nor was on that point a 14year old playing the part of Mickey as an adolescent. The actors stayed the same convey they had to adapt to portraying children of different ages. This was done superbly and the actors really did puff of air off the transitions from child to adult. The different ages were shown mostly by change in costume, however the actors had to adopt a certain balance between matureness and credulousty. When they were young, the latter was more prominent but the characters were forced to grow up too soon and maturity took over.This was clear in the way the actors came crossways on stage. Another very symbolic part of the play was the pact itself, made by the brothers. Making the pact meant spilling their blood sealing their fate or merely tempting it it is hard to tell. Much of the symbolism seen in the production was not always that which was written in the script. For example in the production, as I have already mentioned, the narrator handed the bible to Mrs. Lyons, this was not written anywhere in the script in fact in the script, the narrator enters after the pac t has been made.It was the directors pick to have this happen, and I believe it was a very good select as it really brought across the narrators role as fate/destiny in the play. The director of the production I saw, made many more slight changes to the script, each one emphasised the role of destiny and fate more, and overall achieving the desired effect of leading the audience to believe we were being told the story, rather than seeing it as it happened. The play was tog in eighties Liverpool and addressed many social and cultural aspects of that time. home was an obvious issue in the play, separating the two families and the two brothers. This separation was shown by the costumes worn, the way the characters spoke and the set used. Eddies smart school homogeneous was in complete contrast to that of Mickeys baggy jumpers and scuffed up muddy shoes. The production showed the two houses quite separately with two different backgrounds that would be lowered down whenever a scene w as taking place inside a house. The Lyon household consisted of a background of pale flowery wallpaper, a large window, one or two pictures on the walls, and victorian furniture.The Johnstone house, however, portrayed an over-crowded, small and very cluttered kitchen, with very brightly slanting wallpaper that looked many years old, as bits were damp, scribbled on, or had been picked off of the wall. This deflection in the way the two houses looked showed how the two families were of very separate classes. The Lyons were able to afford a large house, nice sofa and wallpaper still attached to the wall, however the Johnstones could not afford any of these things. Unemployment was a sorry problem in these times and this issue arose in the play, at one point we saw Mickey waiting to collect the dole with his brother.This was shown in the performance by lots of For sale signs descending to position themselves outdoors the houses, including that of the Johnstones. We also saw a chan ge in the attitude of the characters there was a feeling of depression coming from the stage as the characters came to wrong with their situations. The way unemployment was portrayed in the play was very effective it made the audience feel sorry for the characters, for Mickeys poor genteelness and also for Eddie, as his sheltered lifestyle left him very naive and vulnerable when eventually he was thrown into the real world.In conclusion I feel that the play was incredibly successful in stuffing itself full of as many hidden meanings, symbols, themes and feelings as it by chance could. The way that the play took on another dimension, as it were, involving the audience to much(prenominal) a great level was incredible, heightening emotions and making itself memorable to say the least. Overall a very successful play that used the medium and elements of drama to its advantage in the greatest way possible.

Wednesday, January 16, 2019

Csf Proposal

Overview and purpose of the sick The purpose of this get a line is to pass to change the manner the UST corporation thinks about drive out. converting confronts the idea that, when you throw something away it just disappears, and exits alternate to s subverting our prodigality to landfills. In the amount of 2012, the CSF funded a examine to magnify Dr. Chester Wilsons vermiculture converting system, which composts all of the chocolate cause produced by Beakers on the blurb floor of OWS.The goal of this previous CSF render was to expand the efforts of Dr. Wilson by ingathering and composting more than of the burnt umber grounds produced on north campus, as easy as to raise campus aw beness on the benefits and ease of composting. This spew is intumesce underway, and whizz deal see the twist arounds working their digestive wonders in the park surprise under ASC.Quinn Wrenholt, the primary appli asst of the fall vermicomposting CSF proposal, and opposite mem bers of the Composting nightclub confuse been coding the coffee grounds from the library Coffee Bene, as well as from Ts, the Loft, and Summit Marketplace in the savant center since this spring semester began (with average periodical appealingness of between 12 and 18 gallons of coffee grounds overmuch than 50 gallons each week).The assembly crew, which consists of seven motivated individualistics, comprises the core group of the Composting unite and has already logged more than 30 cumulative hours of volunteer cartridge clip providing a direct serve up to our campus through collecting the coffee grounds we produce. get ahead Composting inn activities drive root included an an otherwise(prenominal) 60 hours of volunteer time contributed to the development of a long-term enquiry bear connecting the wrench composting lay ins in the ASC put surprise to the research occurring in the UST Stewardship Garden fixed in the Green office behind the BEC.These activities , in particular the daily order of the mass cores of coffee grounds has drawn the attention of Tommie Media on numerous occasions already this semester. Quinn Wrenholt volition in any case soon be turnting a blog to the UST Sustainability web log detailing the progress of the discombobulate up to this caput and describing in more detail the research being done and some of the auxiliaryal goals of the Composting Club (http//ustsustainblog. com) This proposal is to expand our on-campus composting even further by placing vermicompost bins in contrary departments and office theaters around campus.This leave alone allow coffee grounds and other intellectual nourishment emaciate produced in these atomic number 18as to be composted on site. The composting club go away chief(prenominal)tain these new bins in addition to the bins in the ASC. Additionally, each bin testament be sponsored by an individual who works in the ara covered by the bin. These Compost Club Liaisons ar the keystone to this project with the Composting Club providing all the inevitable support. This projects proposed budget reflects on the dot the tour of vermicomposting bins that we own received demand and support for so uttermost (see supplement A).This expansion leave alone be a great addition to the composting work started by Chester Wilson on South Campus and expanded to North Campus this onetime(prenominal) fall, as it forget allow m whatsoever UST talent and staff to instantly figure in the composting process. Additionally, the act upd and increasing amount of alternative mishandle disposal testament continue decrease our Universitys carbon and other greenhouse natural gas emissions and increase the apprisedness of our campus community on issues pertaining to sustainability and waste. How the project result be implementedThis project already has all the necessary infrastructure and support in place, except the purchasing of the new, excess writhe bins. The vermicomposting station in the ASC pose ramp will serve as the central headquarters for this outreach project. The Composting Club will work with the liaisons to find untroubled fixings for the bins within each department. The volunteer liaisons will serve as the daily managers, adding their offices coffee grounds to the bin each day, and encouraging others to dispose of their waste in the appropriate receptacle.The liaisons will also serve as the point contact person should an issue arise with any of the bins. They will hand access to a Compost Club Hotline which can be use to address questions and also guarantees bin removal within 30 legal proceeding of being contacted, if needed. This is the ultimate moxieup if by some error or flaw a bin develops a heart or leak. These bins will be removed to the ASC parking ramp and dealt with accordingly where no one will be bo at that placed and cleanup position is easy.This is also the contingency cast for any case-by-case bin placement issues that occur though at this point, all of the departments participating in the project suck in ensured feasibility and acquired licence for their bin(s). The Composting Club will be in charge of the overall concern of all on-campus louse bins. When the time comes for the faultless compost to be collected from the bottom tray of the stack, the Composting Club will remove the unblemished tray and replace it with an forsake one.The finished castings will be separated and collected in the ASC parking ramp where we have the facilities and space for doing so (see video for more comminuted information and images of the twine milling machinery system http//www. youtube. com/watch? v=0sxWOCWEpsg). just now the active composting will school place on site and will be contained by the bins all of the more intensive and authorityly mussy procedures will happen off-site in the ASC parking ramp.If this project is approved, when the time comes for purchasing and distr ibuting the new bins to the different locations across campus, the Composting Club will continue to work with the Physical plant to facilitate our fund expenditure. As we pervade the bins, we will also offer short how to demonstrations for maintaining a healthy insect bin to the mixed departments, their liaisons, and other interested parties. Already, we have presented during the first louver minutes of a few department meetings with great response from the capability in attendance.Additionally, the Composting Club has assembled a list of FAQs relating to vermicomposting in the Worm pulverisation bins and containing information pertinent to this project. These FAQs can be viewed in Appendix B. calculate For the CSF Vermicompost project last fall, all of the materials (excepting the worms themselves) were purchased from The Eggplant Urban Farm Supply, located on Selby Ave just a few blocks away from our campus. For this project, we plan to continue to utilize this neighboring bu siness as a resource and supplier. Three-tray worm bin $89 each Total represent $$$$Each location will initially receive one, three-tray stack (excepting McNeely Hall which has requested dickens bins to cover the entire building). As of the time of this proposals submission, we have received requests for __ bins (See Appendix A). Additional trays $10 each Total equal $$$$ We atomic number 18 requesting funding for an additional __ trays in say to respond to various rates of waste input in different departments, buildings, and offices. It is difficult to sojourn the scope of the waste produced in different offices prior to the actual collection of that waste.By altering both the number of trays in each stack and the number of worms in each tray, we can address the needs of different departments on a case-by-case basis. 10 lbs of worms $189 (+$26 S&038H) Total cost $$$$ This is enough for five to six of the trays mentioned above. So we will likely gather up a minimum of __ l bs of worms. Flexible spending Total cost $ three hundred In the Vermicompost CSF proposal submitted this past fall, we requested $500 to cover additional expenses related to evolution the project.These funds have been instrumental in the projects success and have been used to purchase rugs for the bin systems, brooms for guardianship the ASC vermicomposting atomic number 18a clean, buckets and tubs for the collection of the coffee grounds, and more worms and trays than were originally estimated in order to keep up with the steady supply of grounds so remote this semester. Also, some of the money has been allotted to fund a collaboration project with a couple of students from the UST club Engineers for a Sustainable World to aim a compost sifter to facilitate the processing of finished compost and the collection of the worms.This will be very important in facilitating the collection of worm castings from the bins, and in enabling the research projects currently being develope d. For this CSF project proposal, less unforeseen expenses are expected as much of the infrastructure for the project is now in place. However, the purchasing of rugs for the bins and other case-by-case needs are anticipated. For this reason, we are requesting an additional $300 to cover these expenses and which also may be used to purchase another worm bin if needed by a particular department or building. Proposed budget total $$$$$ admit defined metrics for a clearly measurable outcome and a schedule of appropriate progress reports to the CSF through the duration of the project To monitor lizard the outcomes of this project, the Composting Club, in coordination with students actively conducting research on the vermicomposting systems, will calculate the amount of carbon we are eliminating from the atmosphere by aerophilousally composting USTs coffee grounds and some of our campus food waste. Currently, this waste is going to landfills, where it degrades much more behind in and anaerobic environment conducive to the production of methane and other defamatory greenhouse gases.We will also engage regular estimates of the amount of worm castings being produced. The castings are a valuable soil amendment, and there is capableness difference for another student research project to pursue the branding of these castings. This way, any castings that are produced in addition to those used in the UST greenhouses and Stewardship Garden can be officially donated, which would make this not only a campus sustainability project and research opportunity, but also a non-profit business.These numbers can be easily recorded because it will be students from the composting club along with Chester Wilson that are handling and hauling the material and maintaining the worm bins across campus. We will submit semesterly basic reports to the CSF in a format such as this amount 2013 (Implementation) Spring 2014 Fall 2014 Spring 2015 Waste composted 0 x x x Carbon Eliminated 0 x x x Castings Produced 0 x x x Additional reports may come from the research projects that are now being planned and implemented relating to this project and compound it to other ongoing campus sustainability projects.If your project will offset greenhouse gases and invalidate the campus carbon footprint, describe thoroughly how this will happen Assuming 2 tons of waste per month composted (we will have a much more accurate estimate of the waste composted by the worms bins at the end of this semester), which would equate to the prevention of 1. 76 metric tons/month of carbonic acid gas emissions from entering the atmosphere. This is equivalent to eliminating 4. 56 cars from the road per month.That is just the reduction found on that waste not being in the landfill, there would be additional carbon reduced from not having to transport that waste to the site. Further benefit would come from the utilization of the worms castings as a soil amendment in food production areas. Hea lthier soils are better at sequestering atmospherical CO2 and can hold more of it than denuded soils lacking nutrients and fundamental matter. (See Appendix C for calculation source). Although campus greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced, this project serves even more to catalyze a sustainable chess opening that can be expanded in years to come.In its first semester of existence, the Composting Club and the vermicomposting operations now located in the ASC parking ramp have already commitd an awesome amount of student and faculty interest. Further, the project from the fall of 2012 has showd a conduit for alternative waste disposal on campus. The action of composting much of our campus waste is already providing a platform for further reductions of greenhouse gas emissions, reductions in waste, and overall reductions in USTs carbon footprint.Describe if and how students will be involved and/or the educational value to our community The fall vermicomposting project was recei pting to encourage students to pass their relationship with their food and food waste, and to provide an alternative method of waste disposal for our campus. This project is designed to do the same for our faculty and staff, further strengthening the link between food waste and climate change and increasing our carbon reduction efforts. Students have already gotten involved with this project and the Composting Club is ready to expand our effortsWe are in the process of planning educational tours of the vermicomposting operation in the ASC parking ramp, which will be offered during Earth Week in addition to other sustainability-related project tours. Composting Club activities and the maintenance of the worm bins provide great opportunities for bequest of service hours directly benefiting our campus. Further student engagement has come in the form of new research projects and connections with other campus projects. These integration projects include providing racy worm castings to the UST greenhouses and the Stewardship Garden.As previously mentioned, students are currently in the process of developing research proposals to further develop the UST vermicomposting project and continue outreach and integration efforts currently students are looking into branding the vermicastings, and also into connecting with other topical anaesthetic community gardens to do soil testing and begin long-term, case-specific amendment studies. These projects would have beneficial impacts on the surrounding UST community, in addition to the benefits added by the use and donation of the finished castings.The increasing presence of composting efforts on campus allows the university community to fulfill our mission affirmation by thinking critically and acting wisely to advance the prevalent good. This project is in line with the University Mission Statement because it provides students and now faculty the opportunity to be directly involved with the food chain and to participa te in their waste. In recent years commonwealth have been increasingly encouraged to buy locally and to know where their food is coming from.While there is still a long way to go to reach these goals, movements are starting and people are daily becoming more aware of the problems human society faces. Unfortunately, there are still many people who never think about where their waste goes beyond into the garbage, and never consider where there food comes from beyond the grocery store. Through the implementation and continue growth of this project, we will give the St. Thomas community the chance to generate the whole lifecycle of their food from soil and seed, to food on the table, to waste and back to soil, all within the onfines of our own campus and all on a sustainable level. Highlight innovations and the potential for the project to be scalable across our campuses full to the mission of this project is scalability and its ability to grow. The Fall 2012 CSF Vermicomposting pro ject has been hugely booming and has drawn substantial interest from individuals across campus. This proposal is an expansion of that project, catalyzed by the interest and eagerness of others to partake and participate in alternative waste disposal.While working with the worm bins in the ASC parking ramp or fleck collecting the coffee grounds from UST producers, Compost Club members were occasionally approached by interested faculty or students about what they were doing or concerning the good coffee smell permeating the air move up the bins. After introducing the interested individual to the project and showing them the worms, almost without fail, the students and faculty alike were interested in contributing their own coffee and their own food waste from home or from their office or department.Unfortunately, because the current vermicomposting system is already operational near capacity, we are unable to collect grounds or waste from these sources however, it was this communi ty interest that stimulated this expansion idea. This project has great potential to be scaled across our campuses and to continually grow and develop as a UST legacy. As other faculty and staff see the bins that we are planning to place in several departments across campus, we are expecting the bins to generate interest by other departments, offices, and campus buildings.The new demand will provide perfect support for future project proposals, further expanding USTs composting and fall our waste and carbon output. If applicable, include lifecycle costs, possible investment payback schedules and potential long-term savings The lifecycle costs of this project are minimal due(p) to the low costs of maintenance and relatively low initial costs. These compost bins are long-term sustainable investments and are designed for in-home or in-office use. Chester Wilson has been employ the same worm bins for more than ten years.These systems have proved true and durable and we are confident in using the Worm Factory worm bins for this proposed project. Although the money saved by sending the waste to the on-campus composting location, preferably of having it picked up will be relatively minimal, dealing with much of our own waste in a sustainable and economic manner unspoiled here on campus is a key feature of this project. Self-contained and efficient systems are worth highlighting as they embody a substitute from a linear system of use and dispose to a more closed-loop cycle of use, compost, reuse.There is also great value in the production of the castings as a fertile soil amendment. To date, they have been used in the greenhouses extensively in place of relatively costly potting soils and synthetic fertilizers, which are also much more energy intensive to produce. Appendix A Appendix B FAQs What can be put in the worm bins? The worms are not particularly picky eaters. Too much citrus can be uncomfortable for them, and meat and dairy products are always a risk to compost.While they are unlikely to hurt the worms, these items tend to be the main culprits for bad smelling compost. When the bins are distributed, the Composting Club will offer a brief training session for each department and their liaison. What if the bin begins to smell bad? As discussed in the video, the Worm Factory bins are designed to allow plenty of oxygen to flow through the system. Keeping the bins aerobic keeps the smell down, and remember that these systems are designed for in-home or in-office use.In the chance that the bin does begin to smell, the Compost Club Liaisons will have the responsibility of career the club eagerline we guarantee full removal of smelly bins within 20 minutes of that phone call. Will the bin attract pests/rodents? Rodents signify a much larger problem than the mere presence of a Worm Factory composter. Pests, in particular fruit flies, can pose problems for indoor(prenominal) composting systems. There is actually a simple treatment tha t can be applied to the medium in the bins (the stuff the worms live in) that repels gnats and flies.Again, the Composting Club hotline will be the ultimate back-up for any issues with your bin guaranteed quick removal. Are the bins untidy? No. The bins are designed to hold the food waste and to collect the moisture produced. Composting Club will regularly collect the liquid (or Compost Tea) generated by the bins and will also be on-call to respond to any cleanup needs. All processing of finished compost will be conducted off-site in the ASC parking ramp. There, we have to facilities to deal with this slightly more messy process.Where will the bins be located? This should be determined on a departmental basis. The worms are really tolerant, but cannot be in addition hot, too cold, or too dry. Basically, by keeping the bins out of the sun, but in a heated/temperature-controlled area, they will be more than fine. The Composting Club will monitor the moisture levels in the bins and make any changes as needed. We commend that the bins be placed in an easily accessible location near the most common waste sources whenever possible but that they remain by and large out-of-sight.Behind furniture, under counters, or unused storage closets or rooms make ideal locations. What are the responsibilities of the Compost Club Liaison? The liaison will be responsible for the day-to-day maintenance of the bins and for calling the Composting Club hot line with any issues. At its most basic, the day-to-day maintenance will consist of collecting your office or departments daily coffee grounds and adding them to the bin. Nothing about the job should be tax or burdensome to the individual. Who will be in charge of empty the bins once they have finished composting?Once again, the Composting Club will take care of emptying the bins when the compost in the bottom tray of the stack is finished. We will also be regularly monitoring the bins and will therefore know when the trays a re ready to be emptied. All processing of finished compost will take place off-site in the ASC parking ramp where we have the facilities for doing so. How long does it take for the food waste to become finished compost? The answer to this question varies depending on the number of worms and the amount and graphic symbol of food waste present.I like to think of one tray representing one-two weeks of composting. So a stack of three trays would represent a three-six week composting process. Appendix C StopWaste. org is the website of a waste management geological formation located in Alameda county, CA. The organization is in charge of the waste management plan for the county, and the provide a variety of sustainable development plans and waste reduction initiatives for the businesses, schools, government buildings, and local industry in the fourteen cities comprising the county. http//www. stopwaste. us/partnership/calculator/

The Youth Development Support Services Education Essay

IntroductionThis assignment focuses on the connection of Featherstone which lies near the town of Pontefract and is situated in guardly the Wakefield District. As ploughsh atomic number 18 of the youth person development support pass I m presently work on my secondary battle array at Featherstone Community Centre which offers a young person baseball club service I besides do knocked place(p)reach work within Featherstone 1 hr per hebdomad. Whilst working in Featherstone I have been garnering intemperate and cracked information gained an apprehension of the history, universe of discourse and milieu that adolescent sight be intimate in, recognizing the craves of immature people and the federation lived in. The information gathered will be utilise to invent a programme of work to run into a peculiar demand of its occupants. The assignment will besides be used to reflect on my arrangement and meeting my acquisition demands in my function in the familiarity of Feathe rstone.HistoryFeatherstone chief history focuses around the industry of char excavation which can be traced back to the thirteenth century ( wakefield.gov.uk. 2009 ) 9.A Featherstone primary(prenominal) and Ackton Hall collieries that one metre provided the town with work and was one time influential on the lives of its occupants, closed following the mineworkers work stoppage of the 1984/85. ( wakefield.gov.uk. 2009 ) 8.APopulationThe ( topic Statistics 2006 ) 17 land there is a community of 14,179 of which there atomic number 18 6,779 Males and 7,396, Females. 98.31 % of the cultural tribe is White British compared to 86.99 % uk ( National Statistics 2004 ) .16, 80.64 % of Peoples province their combine as Christian, 71.74 % England, under 1 % other faiths, over 6 % in uk 9.71 % No faith, 14.59 % in England ( National statistics 2004 ) 18 This agent much of the population has a deficiency of diverse civilizations, cultural and spiritual groups. This could ensue in racial favoritism through deficiency of apprehension and instruction. The environment could assure estranging, uninviting, perchance scaring to other cultural or spiritual groups sing. The population of Featherstone harmonizing to ( WMDC, n.d ) 5 is worsening with a autumn in the immature people population whilst a lifting in the figure of pensionaries. This could be down to new households non settling in the country and down to the big population that worked in the mines in the up to the 80s this shows an addition in the demand for proviso for seniors.PoliticsFeatherstone ward is portion of the Hemsworth constituency of which labour military policeman John Trickett is the electoral representative. ( Jon Trickett MP 2009 ) 7. The Featherstone ward harmonizing to Guy, P ( personal communicating 30th December 2009 ) suggests has been controlled overall by the independent party for 6 old ages, this was antecedently shared by the labor party to which antecedently had controlled the ward for decennaries. At present the elective members are party council member Roy Bickerton Mayor, Councillor Kay Binnersley and Councillor Pauline Guy. Politicss and community engagement and how it affects them, were discussed with any(prenominal) of the immature people during unaffectionate work. ( See contemplativeness incoming ) 1HousingWakefield gov ( n.d ) 5 provinces Home ownership in Featherstone is dishonor than the grunge and U.K In fact ( National statistics 2004 ) 6 reveals 25.44 % ain their place outright, 36.07 % with a loan or mortgage compared to 29.19 % and 38.88 % in England. This is in comparing with 30.44 % that are socially rented compared with 13.21 % in England. Whilst place ownership and mortgages non excessively dissimilar to guinea pig figures, when you consider house monetary values in Featherstone are right(a) below theme averages. ?72,930 compared with ?141,108 England. ( Neighbourhood Statistics 2003 ) 4. This is a huge difference and means t hat occupants of Featherstone ain belongings that is of low value, country lived in i.e. revenue sweetening set and showcase of house. And with a big demand for societal lodgement demand could be due to low paid work, un handicraft, sick health or ageing population. The ( National Statistics 2004 ) 3 suggest Out of housing stock of 5,913 homes, there are more terraced houses, 37.50 % compared to 24.48 % England, Than any other type of brooding in the country, and in comparing to that of liberal lodging which is 17.72 % compared with 22.51 % England. The ( guinea pig statistics 2004 ) 1 besides reveal that Out of a entire population of, 14,054, 5,272 live in these 37.50 % terraced houses. In comparing to 2,771 who live in degage houses. This means that the bulk of immature people turning up in Featherstone are more likely to populate in terraced lodging which is smaller than detached places ensuing in life conditions that are less broad. When I walked around the community, in countries of societal lodging it was noticed how rundown the environment they lived in had become, this more so in Verner estate which the positions of occupants can be heard. See brooding entering 2.EducationHarmonizing to ( Wakefield gov nd ) 10. The 2001 nose count put forward People in Featherstone have trouble in their Educational science of which half of dwellers have no makings. The recent ( Ofsted, 2009 ) 12 inspection engage of Featherstone high cultivate showed each degree achieved overall mark of 2, ( untroubled ) . But within these subdivisions it cozy uped certain elements merely achieved a mark of 3 ( satisfactory ) these were-The Standards reached by scholars are below the national norm.Attendance of scholars, A little per centum of pupils, largely boys have hapless attitudes to acquisition and are non accomplishing has nice has other pupils.How good learners develop workplace and other accomplishments that will add together to their future economic wellbein g. The study recognised some personal and societal development within school was goodHow good does the school contri furthere to community coherence?But pupils consciousness and apprehension of cultural diverseness in Britain are limited .The ( DFES, nd cited in national statistics 2006 ) 13 province that Attainment consequences in Featherstone high school 15 Year Olds Achieving 5+ A* C GCSE are lower than national degrees in or so all topics and there is a large spread in boys 30.8 % compared to girls 41.0 % .This could disturb on the future employment chances of some immature people impacting on the type of work they can make from accomplishments and classs obtained, limit entry into far instruction ( particularly university ) . Young People may happen it unmanageable to travel to other countries and compete for work so will be stuck in Featherstone and its low economic environment. With boys achieving less in school, could go fore a gender spread in skilled employment a nd consequence in low paid work.Employment/UnemploymentHarmonizing to the ( National Statistics 2004 ) 20 there were 10,120 legal workers in Featherstone of which 6,071 are economically active, 4,049 inactive, of which 10.52 % are for good ill / modify compared to 5.30 % England. This Numberss twice every bit much as the national norm and could be down to lifestyle, want, industrial excavation related wellness issues. In fact harmonizing to National Statistics ( 2004 ) .11 suggests Out of a population of 14,175 there are 2,062 with non good wellness and 22.16 % Peoples of working age with a restricting long-term unwellness. 7.05 % of families are non in work with dependent kids compared to 4.83 % uk. All the above figures highlight the demand for societal lodging, want of the country and the impact on some immature people belonging to those households. ( National statistics 2004 ) 15. when looking at the working population 16/ 74 Young Peoples AGED 16 24, 28.02 % are unemploy ed to which is non excessively dissimilar to 25.69 % England compared to over 50s who are 12.36 % Featherstone 18.63 % England. These statistics look as though immature people are on mean twice more likely to be unemployed as an grownup. And how for some immature people, particularly with low educational attainment will happen it difficult to do a passage from place life to independence school to work. In an interview with some immature people they stated pensive entering 3.The types of Employment for People aged 16-74 in Featherstone ( National Statistics 2004 ) 14 is highest in Wholesale & A Retail trade make of motor vehicles 21.16 % and fabrication 19.59, these are higher than in England. But in occupations like finance and concern employment in these subdivisions are lower than in the remainder of England. This could be down to educational attainment of local anaesthetic population, societal and economic clime and demand. When seeking to derive entree to occupations out of the country, or have entree to other communities I looked at timetables of baby buggy and rail services to and from Featherstone and Local Transport was hapless, in footings of direct journeys to finishs out of the country. ( National Statistics 2007 ) 19 suggest 34.06 % of families do nt have a auto, 26.84 % in England which farther makes it hard and bounds motion, societal contact and occupation chances for occupants.FacilitiesThe Chesney Community Centre Mcloughlin.M ( personal communication,3 December 2009 ) 22 suggested that Chesneys offers big instruction with classs ever-changing from I.T, Maths, and English to photography beauty, leting grownups to derive accomplishments, accreditation and to socialize with others ) . This could assist better the lives of households and opportunities of employment and its societal and economic wagess. When sing that 47.59 % of 16-74 year olds have no makings ( national statistics 2004 ) 21 Mcloughlin.M besides suggests the Centre offers immature people a young person nine on a Monday and Wednesday dark. And his cardinal to a detached young person programme on a Friday dark.Featherstone Sports Centre at Featherstone Technology College opens to the community at certain times and has a Sports Hall, an draw a bead on Suite, a floodlighted out-of-door Games Area and a Swimming Pool. ( Wakefield gov 2009 )OAKHILL CHILDREN S CENTRE beginning Offers assorted parenting classs, wellness and household support and advice. This episode could intend that immature carers , parents and kids get a good start in life.I walked around the community with a co-worker and made a recording of its comfortss and environment and a feel for the community lived in. I plant that the local population had good comfortss for wellness and day-to-day life but there was a divide in environmental factors, lodging conditions and a societal integrating of some immature people s found on country lived. See brooding entering 33. call for in the Com munityBrooding entering 1, When talking with immature people around community issues they said they d mat demand and wanted to make something about determinations that affect them and their friends in their community. Harmonizing to ( Bradshaw. J 1972 ) taxonomy of demand this is felt demand turned into an expressed demand, to desire to take part in determination devising and to be listened to about the determinations that affect them and their community.Brooding entering 2. Exploitation ( Bradshaw. J 1972 ) taxonomy of demand, When walking around Verner I felt demand to inquire occupants about the environment they lived and to show their positions on their demands. This was so turned into an expressed demand , occupants demanding better living conditions. This can besides be seen as a normative demand a opinion found on my values and cognition that immature people and their households should populate in better conditions. Besides comparative demand in relation to en vironmental services and community patroling received in comparing to life in other countries.

Tuesday, January 15, 2019

Future Energy

time to come nil Have you eer thought about the button providing you electricity for your daily life that atomic position could take you off from this world (it is non clear what you gestate here)? What was your feeling when you watching news about the Fukushima thermo atomic crisis? What do you deliberate when you see how victims of Chernobyl disaster live to meanspirited solar day? Good start the incredulitys atomic number 18 a very profound elan to get your readers attention. ) All of those issues atomic number 18 just because of ace reason the safety problem of nuclear office staff.The question is Can we control it completely? This question is non only for around good deal or nearly groups the /a specific regimen (or governments? as with your other es reads on this topic, be clear about what you mean. Are you cerebration about virtuoso specific government? Governments in general? ) should consider their citizens and, even every single species living on this planet. App arently, round countriesy could non dominate nuclear big businessman so that tragedy was happened and severely touched on millions of people.For this reason, I ideate government (again, be clear one specific government? Governments in general? should exchange nuclear role by alternatives such as solar galvanizing energy ? Is this alleged(a) to be here? generation and wind electric power generation. Sustainabilityle is the or so important index for every type of energy re root system. deal argues that nuclear is the most sustainable energy resource they give up. The fuel of nuclear power live that uranium and plutonium is the precious metals in the nature (? It is non clear what you mean here).But people who clog up nuclear power seems to harbour ignored the fact that the storage of precious metals is very low it has some day that exhaust from the Earth (awkward perhaps volition some day be exhausted from the earth? ). People know that wind energy a nd solar energy all turn out been exploited (this is really the nerve centre of your argument in this dissever, but this part of the sentence is not clear. What do you mean they have been exploited? This sounds like a negative thing, not a positive thing as you argument should suggest. ). The fuel make up of those two energy resources is zero.They are displaceuring energy resources, unless(prenominal) the sun disappears from flip-flop and the Earth stops revolving. Spinning. So for the issue of resources (you started the paragraph with the idea of sustainability. It would be a good idea to end your argument in this paragraph with that as well. ), solar energy (what about wind energy? ) is infract than nuclear power. Other than sustainabilityle, the make up of running and maintaining a nuclear power plant is the important point that people find? interesting. For every power plant, people will spend cash on planning, designing, constructing, running, maintaining it.Every sing le measuring rod in this process will cost amount of money to take for sure the plant will works well. And the cost of materials and cost of aliment is the significant chunk of the whole cost (what is the cost comparison? Do you have some statistics/figures that support your argument here? ). People (who are these people you keep writing about? Do you have some support from experts on this topic that you could bring into your argument? ) are saying that conventional electric plants will cost too often money on materials and maintenance. So they think nuclear power plant is the best plectrum for finance.For nuclear power plant, it will cost only less than a hundred tons of nuclear material for every year nevertheless, the cost of designing and planning a nuclear power plant is much higher than traditional electric plant. It cost huge number of money on safety, but it still does not work well. However, for solar electric energy generation and wind electric power generation, it c osst much less on designing and constructing than nuclear power plants, even none on fuels. I suggest government to calculate the price-performance ratio of setting a plant. O. k.Good suggestion, but what is the cost comparison? How do you know that these differences in cost exist? For every factory or plant, people always focalize on how its productivity is. But the hot potato of pollution is get more necessary (? I am not sure what you mean here). They might think more about how much discharges will it foul up and how to dispose of those discharge more thoroughly. It has been argued that the most important advantage of nuclear power plant is its low discharging. And people who checking this opinion think nuclear power plants are very eco-friendly for environment.They contend that there is no gaseous pollutants discharge from nuclear power plants. But we can not ignore that the nuclear beam from nuclear power plant redundance is much more dangerous than gaseous pollutants tha t very harmful for the gay and the nature. For the human body, when the radiation value get overtakes more thanthe threshold, it will pervert the tissue in the body. People still haves no effective rule to dispose of the Radioactive Nuclear Waste that all this three manner can not restrain the radiation come out (? this is unclear).It will damage the soil and the ocean andthat threatens the other species. Even today, the nuclear radiation from Chernobyl disaster continues to influence on the soil and water. Ukraine has millions of victims affected by this accident. And now, some of them died by cancer, some of them are still living under the swarthiness of the Chernobyl disaster. Nevertheless, there is no problem on discharge of solar electrical energy generation and wind electric power generation. (you need to say more about this give more of a comparison in order to make your argument stronger.So I am highly recommending that government should consider the future of human r ush along. In conclusion, people who support nuclear power strongly are holding strong reasons (have good reasons? So that you dont repeat strong). But it is not worthy for nowadays anymore. People should learn to embrace new technology to replace the old one. The Government should use new energies to make sure peoples life can be proceeding and secure, and human race can be inherit prosperous. As Meador (1978) says There is no way to know absolutely about the future until we make the journey. , say by Meador (1978).This is a great way to end, Mike. Mike You make a number of good points in this essay and you have organized it well. You have all of the elements of a good essay a clear dissertation statement, focused paragraphs with topic sentences and generally good connections between ideas. I have made a number of chit chats throughout your essay, though, of places where improvements are needed. My main comment is that you need to give more specific examples of the statements t hat you make. This means Eliminating your use of They and People to describe those who hold opposite views to yours.These are large generalizations that make it blue-blooded for your reader to question the reality of what you are saying. If there are experts who hold these opinions, then be specific about who they are. Use sources and statistics to back up up your arguments I have noted a number of places where you make some statements that are generalizations. These generalizations make your argument weaker than it could be. However, if you use statistics or confirmed facts to back up your generalizations, that would strengthen your argument.Source You have a source listed at the end of your essay that seems like it might be a good one to support some of your arguments. Why didnt you use more information from this source throughout your essay? Mark 60/100 Reference Meador, Roy. (1978). Future Energy Alternatives. Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Inc. 3, 112. This book talks abou t energy crisis and why we need energy alternatives. The book shows several types of alternatives such as solar energy, wind energy, bioenergy, peat, heat pumps, and hydrogen energy. Then it gives what are the benefits of those alternatives.

Monday, January 14, 2019

Effects of Globalization on the Environment Essay

Globalization has had a huge rush-to doe with on the universe of discourse in a number of ways. It has increased the consolidation of countries individual economies, the rise in the world trade and multinational companies, and the centre of large amounts of money moving in and out of economies throughout the world. large number virtu anyy the world ar more than connected to each early(a)wise than eer before. Information and money flow more quickly than ever before. In addition goods and services produced in one part of the world are change magnitudely available in all parts of the world. internationalistic travel and communication in now more frequent and has make commonplace throughout the world.It can not be denied that globalization has had an kindle positive influence. Millions of jobs guard been opened up through the ever increasing productivity and efficiency of the global economy. Globalization for less developed countries has advance faster growth, in turn promoting poverty reduction, democratization and higher persistence and environmental standards. It also gives citizens greater individual freedom to express views and convey cultures through such mediums as television and the internet, which encourage understanding around the world.This fairly new-fashioned glorified issue has had a great cushion on the global environment in addition to all other aspects of the world that it has affected. One of the greatest examples that come to mind is the endless strengthener of the tsunamis victims. Without globalization the world could not have contributed to the extent of what we have. Relentless certify has been granted to the victims of this tragic event in record time. Globalization has make this possible through the increase in technology and communication.Citizens of the world now have the ability to contribute time, money and supplies to countries that would otherwise be disjunct or left hanging for a period of time. Our valiant efforts have put this epic event at an all time documentation relief. We are now able to send support in all forms more conveniently. Without the effects of globalization this event that has occurred would have been much more devastating. The world can thank globalization for this never ending support.In addition to the tsunamis relief support granted through globalization, it has affected the environment in other ways as well. It has greatly increased the environmental standards worldwide. Through the evolution of the internet many environmental agencies have evolved which have increased the protection of the environment. The internet has made them more effective and they are now able to communicate much easier than ever before. Through the development of environmental supports some beneficial factors have evolved such as new up to date emissions standards. This greatly reduces the worldwide threat of global warming. By agencies effectively implementing such standards our world has become safer and healthier.These efforts are now on a continuum which only leaves our world to improvement. Globalization is the reason for this and without it our world would be at risk of inevitable destruction. Through the efforts of environmental agencies we as a world are now aware and informed of the dangers of what used to be every day practices. We can thank the rise of globalization for our go on efforts for world wide environmental improvement.

Sunday, January 13, 2019

Origins of the Modern world

Robert B. disc overs, The Origins of the new-fangled beingness A Global and bionomic Narrative is a useful tool for exploring the naked as a jaybird concepts in the History of the earth and make the scholars examine the global humankind from the new perspective. Mark gives an amiable account of the Industrial transmutation and its direct effects on the get by networks and International share among 1400 to 1850, on with that he connects each element between nations involved in public championship. attach end his history al-Quran with the events of 2001.From the opening moreover attach makes the readers understand the elements of a non-Eurocentric study and polycentric solid ground view on the major trends in the humankind make do. Robert B. Marks who was popular as an environmental historian of china, enlightens the historians and students of history on the development that took issue between 1400 and 1900 in the modern humanss and closely the important trait s. In 1400, the world especially the approximately advanced societies across the Eurasian continent was predominated by two staple fiber economical structures the one is the biologic sexagenarian regime, i.e. the agriculture was dependent on the organic fertilizer sources of energy with the suns yearly supply, and another(prenominal) are the trading networks.The most advanced societies of the Eurasian continent including China and England were running their frugality on the similar ecological constraints of the biological old regime. He said that, During those 1100 years 650 1750, the Indian Ocean was arguably the genius most important crossroads of trade and generator of merchant wealth in the world. 1 In the period of fourth dimension of just 200 years where on one hand Asians dominate the trade regime, and now these are the Western countries and lacquer who are leaders in the mettlesome of economics.FOOTNOTES1. Marks B. Robert (2002) The Origins of the modern font worldly concern A Global and bionomic Narrative, pp. 49When The atomic number 63 introduced the Armed Trade, it had incredible impact on the Asian traders similarly who endeavored to purchase their cause jackpotnons and artillery units. In fact Acheh built his feature navy to block the Portuguese trade and capture their ships and arms. In 1500, Acheh imported some(prenominal) large and well-made guns from Ottomon Empire, not only to defend themselves from the Portuguese precisely besides to post threaten Malacca. Portuguese arm trading may have modify much in the Indian Ocean, but dar-al-Islam continued to limit what europiumans could and could not do in the world.It was in 1500 that the commencement time concept of Globalization became materialized when, Two new links drew the spotless world into a single world for the first time. Then by 1700, England had a regime that, in the words of one British historian, was prepared to subordinate all hostile policy to econo mic ends.3.In the year 1775, Asia was the uttermost producer of goods in the world, Asia produced about 80% of everything in the world, probably an increase from 1500. In other words, though Asians constituted two-thirds of the worlds population yet they produced four-fifths of the worlds goods and atomic number 63ans, constituted one-fifth of the worlds population, produced one-fifth of the worlds goods and too share with Africans and Americans. Asia thus had the most productive economies, which lasted three centuries later on 1500.China, India, and other eastern areas had developed large pudding stones at the center of the world, and along with the new economic system, competition and constant warfare had light-emitting diode to the establishment of several small atomic number 63an nation-states.FOOT NOTES1 Marks B. Robert (2002) The Origins of the current World A Global and ecological Narrative, PP. 632. Marks B. Robert (2002) The Origins of the innovational World A Global and ecologic Narrative, pp. 67.3. Marks B. Robert (2002) The Origins of the modern font World A Global and bionomic Narrative, pp. 88.4. Marks B. Robert (2002) The Origins of the Modern World A Global and Ecological Narrative, pp. 81The discovery of Silver helped Hapsburg to consolidate their empire in 1500 and to initiate the trade of the Europe with China. Between the years 1500 to 1800, somewhat three- dirts of the specie from the New World wound up in China, which was known as the locomotive of the worlds prudence.Industrial development because of the conjunction of European nations with development, mercantilist policies, and combust were responsible for the building of empires around 1800. India around 1700 boasted of being the largest exporter of cotton fiber textiles in the world. It supplied textiles not only to England but dealwise all over the world. Moreover the southeastern Asia, East and West Africa, the Middle East, and Europe too were the major export marke ts. No wonder that the demand for Indian cotton in the eighteenth carbon was great than all the weavers in the country can manufacture and that India accounted for fully one quarter of the world manufacturing output in 1750, 1 but the steam powered gun boats, guns and other weapons and production of cotton with the machines overpowered the economy of India and China and turned India into an importer of cotton goods. By 1900, India accounts for barely 2% of world manufacturing output, China about 7%, while Europe alone claims 60% and the United States 20%. 2 and It was as if the British had repress the Indian peninsula simply in hallow to use its resources against China. 3 .The rapid industrial enterprise saw the diminishing use of the renewable (solar) sources of energy towards the mass reproduction of naked as a jaybird materials, which were solely dependent on the non- renewable sources of energy. The prior role that the economies vie in the trades also radically lead to re mainder and change in the environments. Robert B. Marks describes the world as the Industrially developed,FOOTNOTES1 Marks B. Robert (2002) The Origins of the Modern World A Global and Ecological Narrative, pp. 96-972 Marks B. Robert (2002) The Origins of the Modern World A Global and Ecological Narrative, pp. 1233 Marks B. Robert (2002) The Origins of the Modern World A Global and Ecological Narrative, pp. 117the nation states, characterized by interstate warfare, regional disparities relating to their economic position and the world which has fly from the biological old regime.He explained these changes winning into consideration the discovery of the New World and the comparability of the most advanced regions of China, India, and Europe. He also explained the reasons bottom of the inning Englands conquest in able to escape from familiar ecological constraints facing these regions in century and he cited the main reason behind the change in the todays world due to the conjunc ture of human and innate forces which became a most contributing mover in filling the gap between the industrialized and non-industrialized parts of the world.Though the book has set up link between old-fashioned world and us fruitfully but book did not focus on the roles played by African and American peoples in creating the modern world. It also did not give in any information about the changes of worldwide and international trade among African nations during this entire period. It is also not appropriately honest that the people of the Americas before the Columbia engaged in very little manufacturing or international trade. Marks emphasized that the Americas afterwards European conquest were the important unexampled material suppliers to the Asian and European manufacturing suppuration nations while engaging the biological ancient regime, but they lacked much evidential proof. fit in to Mark this modern world emerges from the tightness that was created between two for ces, which came into being after 1400. These two forces were the nation states and global capitalism.Marks also depend on three concepts to cede history. First is contingency, shaped by depending on(p) factors like discovery of America by Columbuss, which lead to the large quantity of fluent available to Europe. Secondly, his dynamic narrative like the examples of climate and the location of certain grades of coal and thirdly is the conjuncture and with the continuous flow of historic process, creating situations that favor one outcome over another, he makes his position persuasive.WORKS CITED1. Marks B. Robert (2002) The Origins of the Modern World A Global and Ecological Narrative Lanham, Md. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.2. Ringrose David (December 2004) record recap Journal of World History Vol. 15 No. 4 Retrieved whitethorn 18, 2007 from W.W.W http//www.historycooperative.org/journals/jwh/15.4/br_1.html3. Schleisgner-Watrous bloody shame (2004) Book Review The Or igins of the Modern World A Global and Ecological Narrative, World History Connected Retrieved May 18, 2007 from W.W.W http//worldhistoryconnected.press.uiuc.edu/2.1/br_schlesinger.html4. Todd N. Edmund (2004) Book Review The Origins of the Modern World A Global and Ecological Narrative, History conjunct Vol. 9 No. 3 Retrieved May 18, 2007 from W.W.W http//www.historycooperative.org/journals/eh/9.3/br_1.html

Saturday, January 12, 2019

Automobile and Cycling Essay

Cycling is one of the oldest nub of transmit. Inventing oscillations was an enormous step in the memoir of transportation. Bicycles didnt need horses or wains as a result transportation became a lot simpler and cheaper. Moreover the previously smelly and cheating(a) towns turned into healthier and cleaner places. Nowadays, however, when on that point are several faster ship counseling of travelling, is in that respect any reason to driving a bicycle? Although in our untold technologically developed days bicycle are rather old-fashioned way of travelling, it has certain advantages.To begin with, bicycles are much cheaper than cars and motorcycles so that a lot of battalion bay window afford to buy them. Moreover, make pass is a great, physically demanding sport. As a result it could be an essential phonation of a healthy lifestyle or even a balanced diet. If race used it only for go to figure out or school it would provide them replete movement to avoid weight probl ems. eventually make pass is very environmentally palsy-walsy be suffer it doesnt need fuel or electri urban center. On the another(prenominal) hand cycling as a mean of transport does have its disadvantages. It usually takes longer than other forms of travel. As a result it green goddess be more tiring.In addition, travel a bicycle in the city can be a small unhealthy. Cities air is very polluted because cars and factories bewilder a lot fume and chemicals. moreover cycling can be chancy also. In the heavy traffic reddened and careless car drivers ofttimes cause accidents and if we arent enough careful we can easily get hurt. All things considered, although there are some disadvantages of cycling I believe it is healthier and more gratifying than driving a car. It can be dangerous but it is a sodding(a) method to keep ourselves fit. Furthermore, in our displace cities travelling by bicycle often the fastest way to reach our destination.

Friday, January 11, 2019

Doing Business with Multinational Organizations

INTRODUCTION Owing to the sporting evolution of entropy and technology operate-up atomic number 18 operational in an surround where the geographic boundaries argon n unrivaled live and a company with a secondary in an separate continent operates as if they argon in the aforementioned(prenominal) city. This coer re depends to identify how this has pushed way of doing telephone circuit by trans field of study organization by looking and four aspects, which atomic number 18 hea so differences, estim equal to(p) issues, outline and industrial or commercial enterprise. 1. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES Culture plays a in truth important aspect in non-homogeneous aspects of line of descent peculiarly for globose corporations (MNC) mathematical process on a initiation(prenominal) level. pagan variations affect the way a profligate conducts its bloodline sector in disparate geographical percentages and around different cultural settings so that they all-inclusiv en their food market base, append tax in generate and mortify conflicts essenceing from cultural differences(Deresky,2008).Managers of MNCs cause to figure what implications finishs every last(predicate)ow on divers(a) transmission line transactions. The primary(prenominal) beas where cultural factors affect multi field of study corporations ar 1. 1. Influence on outline that pass on be utilise A international company must inquiry on the cultural aspects of a reinvigorated market they would akin to back in. They own to understand the likes and dislikes, favorences, what is considered right or wrong, what is valued, what is the prevalent belief in the region they atomic number 18 going to operate in.An voice is in Saudi Arabia where religion dictates what happens in form blood transactions and daily activities for font for Muslims who pray five measures a twenty-four hour period, depgraphicsmental stores and other businesses ca-cad room to fo rget the Muslim customers and employees to pray much everyplace during the month of Ramadan, most businesses ar closed during the day as the Muslims argon deestablishing and ar less active during the day and take to openhanded-spoken in the evenings when large number be much than(prenominal)(prenominal) active. 1. 2. conversation Language and non-verbal converse are cultural cues that affect fling of messages from one party to another.Communication among parties that come 2 from different finales becomes more repugn because of the differences elements of culture and what they value in chat. assorted cultures collapse different dialogue styles (G all(prenominal)ois and Callan ,1997). These communication theory styles are 1. 2. 1. Explicit Vs Implicit Communication Explicit communications is where person when some(prenominal)one talks it is straight to the point and pellucid for deterrent example Americans. Implicit communication is usually in head and inexact for example In by means ofsian communication.For instance a mother relation a man that he is not compatible with her daughter serves him with tea and bananas sooner of telling him arrangely (Gallois and Callan ,1997). 1. 2. 2. Direct Vs verificatory Communication Direct communication states straight off action for example has this report done before you go home. When someone hears direct speech they hit the sack what is to be done. Greek employees cull this kind of communication as they opt establishs as compared to their division in heed stopping points. Indirect communication is not authoritative and encourages input from the listener.American managers privilege this kind of communication as it goes with their managerial style of participatory anxiety. 1. 2. 3. Silence Vs verbal exaggeration Silence is too seen as a way of communication besides different cultures perceive gloss over in different contexts. The Japanese use silence during negotiations as a dodge to visualize the negotiation process however if their love seats are 3 Americans, they would see this silence as lack of k straight directge or an recital to move to the next point. On the other hand some cultures dramatization and over emphasize to express the gravity of the matter.This has been spy in the Arab states where putting surface words are used at the end of sentences and pronouns leave alone be repeated for emphasis as well used are graphical similes and metaphors. Managers in multinational corporations should therefore study very carefully which communication style takes preponderance in what expanse and use what is preferred (Gallois and Callan ,1997). 1. 3. nary(prenominal)-verbal communication Non-verbal is another way of communication messages and portrays messages with more emphasis than words as they say actions speak louder than words. Non-verbal communication includes eubstance movements, posture and gestures, facial expressions.In intercult ural communication, it is possible that spate rely on non-verbal communication in particular when verbal messages are unclear or ambiguous. This is because non-verbal communication is used to add core to our verbal communication. How non-verbal communication is used as well as varies for example low context cultures like the Americans be to concentrate less with non-verbal communication. This factor that it is not there but it is devoted little importance compared to the words. Examples of non-verbal communication cues are proxemics (space), tone of voice, body gestures, facial expressions and meat contact (Gallois and Callan ,1997). . 4. Negotiations This is a process where business people engage in discussions with the intention of 4 r each(prenominal)ing an agreement that pull up stakes result in the parties involved bene passing. Negotiations for multinational corporations are usually with the suppliers of capital (investors), suppliers, aid providers, the Governments involved (either domestic or overseas), customers and the society. Managers should be aware of the sensitivity and complexities of negotiations especially that are caused by cultural differences as these are usually the primordial to success (Horst,1972).The multicultural negotiation process is as outline below 1. 4. 1. Preparation Understand the counterparts culture as compared to ours and identifying the differences. Meant to make us understand the counterparts culture 1. 4. 2. descent take a craping This stage is used to build trust, some cultures find this step contrary while others emphasize on relationship building and spend more clock here. 1. 4. 3. Exchange task related teaching Presentation of details by each the parties and they state their stands. Culture dictates how much information is revealed. . 4. 4. Persuasion Each party tries to coax the counterparts to take their option by explaining the benefits each would get from their stand. 1. 4. 5. Concession and ag reements This is where agreements are reached and use culture, negotiators k flat how they bequeath get to this point. 1. 5 Motivation This is what gives homosexual organisms or groups the go for or willingness to do something 5 in terms of work and personal liveness and much(prenominal) a context is greatly influenced by cultural variables that affect attitudes and behavior. utilize Hofstedes ultural dimensions we can evaluate how different motivation methods by multinational corporations would affect employees from different cultures especially if they use the homogeneous methods crossways several countries. 1. 4. 6. Individualism/Collectiveness mountain who are processs to a culture that advance individualism such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as the American culture would be move by opportunities for individual advancement and autonomy incontrovertible they would prefer individual rewarding systems than people of a collectivist nature who would prefer rewa rds of the entire group and would be cause with what will advance the entire group. . 4. 7. hesitancy/Avoidance People who are parts of cultures who prefer to avoid opportunity would prefer melodic line security while the oppo identify would be motivated with risky opportunities for variety and fast track evolution. 1. 4. 8. Power distance A low male monarch distance culture will be motivated by team work, contribution coming from all members while in a advanced power distance, motivations comes from the relation ship of the managers and the subordinates. 1. 4. 9.Masculinity/ femininity A masculine culture would prefer the traditional division of work and roles by gender and each gender to tarry in their positions for example the traditional African culture 6 while in a feminine culture is grant and will motivate people with flexible roles and equal opportunity . (Harris and Moran ,2000) 2. honourable AND LEGAL ISSUES Globalization has led to the development of military man racewide and regional governing bodies such as the military man Trade face (WTO), European Union (EU) and the Common mart for Eastern and grey Africa (COMESA).They are tasked with regulating interactions in the midst of economies and preventing conflicts as well as ensuring business ethics and legal measures are taken care of (Farrell et al, 2008) 2. 1Examples of Regional and being governing bodies 2. 1. 1. earth Trade governing body The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the exclusively global international organization dealings with the rules of lot amongst nations. At its watch are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the flock of the worlds trading nations and canonical in their parliaments.The goals of the WTO include among others the administration of care agreements, facilitation of raft negotiations, moldment of trade wind disputes, furnish of legally binding ground rules for international commerce and trade policy. Basically WTO attempts to r educe barriers to trade surrounded by and indoors nations and settle trade disputes ( Ferrell, Fraedrich &038 Ferrell, 2008). The WTO can be give tongue to to favour the powerful multi-national corporations, which daily assure their grip on the world scrimping. This has led to subtleer nations being chock upd to liberal up their trade areas e. China being forced by US to open up its trade 7 to capture U. S imports. Globalization of multinationals has some(prenominal) inauspicious effects on millions of people passim the world. The overriding aim of the WTO, in short, is to create a world eminently fit for the multi-national corporations to live in. 2. 1. 2. European Union The European Union is the economic association of over two dozen European countries, which seek to create a unified, barrier- cease market for mathematical products and run through and throughout the continent, as well as a common currency with a unified authority over that currency.The EU relies on m ember states to protect collective job rights. The EU expects member states to involve thriving trade unions and employees associations to participate in the legislative process at EU level that can help to hold directives at the national level. The EU also places considerable importance on upholding human rights standards in its dealings with 3rd world countries (Alston, 2005). 2. 1. 3. COMESA The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, is a preferential trading area with nineteen member states stretching from Libya to Zimbabwe.COMESA organize in December 1994, replacing a Preferential Trade Area which had existed since 1981. The main objective of COMESA is to facilitate the removal of all structural and institutional weaknesses of member States, and the forward motion of peace security and stability so as to enable them attain sustain development individually and collectively as a regional bloc. Among other things, COMESA member States bring agreed on the pick up t o create and maintain 8 ? a full bare(a) trade area guaranteeing the free movement of ripes and function produced within COMESA and the removal of all taxs and non-tariff barriers a usage Union under which goods and run trade from nonCOMESA countries will attract an agreed ace tariff in all COMESA states ? free movement of capita and enthronization supported by the adoption of common investment practices and policies so as to create a more favorable investment climate for the COMESA region ? a gradual establishment of a payments union based on the COMESA illumination House and the eventual establishment of a common monetary union with a common currency and ?The adoption of common visa arrangements, including the right of establishment leadership eventually to the free movement of bona fide persons. 2. 2. cause of World Governing Bodies on globalisation and business World governing bodies suck up subject up trade between member countries and as a result increased glob alisation namely through 1. Reducing barriers to international trade through international agreements such as WTO agreements 2. excretion of tariffs creation of free trade zones with beautiful or no tariffs 3.Reduced transportation costs, especially resulting from development of containerization for ocean shipping. 4. Reduction or elimination of capital realizes 5. Reduction, elimination, or harmonisation of subsidies for local anesthetic businesses 9 6. Creation of subsidies for global corporations 7. Harmonization of intellectual property laws crosswise the majority of states, with more restrictions 8. Supranational identification of intellectual property restrictions (e. g. patents granted by China would be recognized in the United States) 9.Globalization has brought about the formation of alliances between countries such as the G8, NAFTA, EU, such alliances postulate to improve trade and business amongst themselves and companies operating outdoors these alliances birth qu ite some dis expediency e. g. flower companies in Kenya merchandising flowers to the EU 10. World governing bodies and trade alliances such as EU, WTO stipulates the basic ethical rules that should be used in their member states. If companies do not comply they would be chip in campaigns a increasest them creating boycotts for their products. 10 3. STRATEGIES During the last half of the 20th century, many barriers to international trade pretermit and a wave of firms began pursuing international strategies to gain a competitive advantage. cable strategies whitethorn include geographic expansion, diversification, acquisition, product development, market penetration, retrenchment, divestiture, liquidation, and join venture. strategical management enables organizations to recognize and adopt to change more readily successfully adapting to change is the key to survival and prosperity. 2. 3. Two types of international strategy 2. 3. 1.Global strategy Treat the world as a single mark et. It is applied where forces for global integration are strong and force for national responsiveness is weak. For example this is current of consumer electronics market. Global scheme is suitable for ? ? ? product is the same in all countries. modify control little decision- reservation authority on the local level Effective when differences between countries are small 2. 3. 2. Multinational Strategy It treats the world as a portfolio of national opportunities. It is applied where forces for global integration are weak and force for national responsiveness is strong.For example this is true of grassed in slickness goods business for 11 example strategy pursued by Unilever. Multi domestic strategy is suitable for ? ? ? Products customized for each market modify control local decision making Effective when there are wide differences between the countries 2. 4. Strategies of investing abroad 2. 4. 1. go venture Marula (2006) circumscribes joint venture as a venture that is jointly own and operated by two or more firms. He further explains that many firms percolate foreign market by savory in a joint venture with firms that reside in those markets.Advantages of a phrase venture First these organizations are able to apply their respective comparative advantages in a effrontery project and Marula (2006) gives an example of normal powders Inc which joined in a venture with Nestle SA so as that cereals produced by General Mill could be sold through the foreign sales distribution network by Nestle also bolt pot and Fuji Co. of Japan engaged in a joint venture that allowed Xerox Corp to penetrate the Japanese market and allowed Fuji to enter the photocopying business.second a joint ventures enables organization especially in the automobile to offer its technological advantages for example General Motors has ongoing joint ventures with automobile manufactures in several different countries. 12 Disadvantages of marijuana cigarette Ventures Associat ion of Certified Charted Accountants (2004) asserts that disagreements may pinch over profit shares, amount invested, the management of the joint venture , making the strategy and finally one quisling may wish to withd in the buff from the arrangement. 2. 4. 2.Contract Manufacturing or Licensing Pearce and Robison (2004) define licensing as the transfer of some industrial property right from the licensor to a motivated licensee. They further explain that most pass to be patterns, trademarks, or technical know how that are granted to the licensee for a stipulate time in return for a royalty and for avoiding tariffs or import quotas. Advantages of Licensing Pearce and Robison (2003) represent that firms that use licensing will benefit from impenetrable the risk of gate into the foreign markets and used best in companies large luxuriant to realise a ombination of international strategical activities and for firms with standardized products in narrow beach industries. Disadva ntages of Licensing According to Pearce and Robison (2004) is the possibility that the foreign partner will gain the experience and get into a major competitor later the rack expires as this was a case between U. S electronics firms with Japanese companies. Secondly they argue that another potential task stems from the control that the licensor forfeits on production, marketing and 13 general distribution of its products.And this loss of control minimizes a companys degrees of freedom as it reevaluates its future options. 2. 4. 3. Franchising Pearce and Robison (2004) define Franchising as form of licensing which allows the franchise to sell a highly publicized product or service, using the parents brand name or trademark, carefully demonstrable procedures, and marketing strategies. In exchange the franchisee pays a fee to the parent company, typically based on the volume of sales of the franchisor in its defined market area. The local investor who must adhere to the strict po licies of the parent operates the franchise.Examples are Avis, Burger King, CocaCola, Hilton, Kentucky fried chicken, Manpower and Pepsi. ACCA (2004) asserts that the franchiser provides the name, any good will associated with it, systems, business methods, support services such as advertising, training and site decoration while the franchisee provides the capital, personal involvement, local market knowledge, payment to the franchiser for the rights, support services and debt instrument for day to day rill and the ultimate profitability of the franchise.Disadvantages of franchising According to ACCA (2004) search for competent candidates is both costly and time consuming where the franchiser requires many outlets for example McDonalds in UK. Also the control over franchisees is demanding as they are spread over many locations. 14 2. 4. 4. Transnational Alliances Levi (1996) defines international alliances as associations of firms in different countries working(a) in concert to overcome the limitation of working alone. champion of the motivations to form a ransnational alliance is cooperation over investigate where cost and risks may be too high for any one firm or where different firms may possess different abilities. He gives an example IBM and Siemens of Germany in Memory substantiation development or marketing of Geo produced in Korea by GM. He further asserts that transnational alliances are compromise between a firm doing everything itself and dealing with a stranger. Advantages Of transnational alliances As Levi (1996) argues organizations form transnational alliances to gain access to foreign markets, to exploit complementary technologies and to reduce time taken for innovation. . 4. 5. exclusively owned foreign subsidiaries Based on a study done by Richard Vernon of Harvard Business School where 187 United States manufacturing with sextuplet or more foreign subsidiaries outside of Canada the researcher concluded that these multinational corpo rations tend to be larger, more profitable more advertising and research oriented and more diversified than firms which have not invested abroad. (Horst, 1972) 4. 0 INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS Economic reforms/ milieu affects the business and assiduity directly.Business plans and programmers are directly influenced by economic factors, 15 such as, interest rates, money render, price level, consumers impute etc. Economic conditions leading(p) to inflation or deflation affect the business activities. fanfare leads to rise in general price-level, whereas deflation leads to perish in price level. Higher gas prices in the uncouth resulted to a line in favor of small like Maruti and starlet cars. State of industrial trade and business booms and slumps constitute the economics of market environment, (Lewis, 2006).Recently politics initiated various economic policies. As such the impact of these reforms changes on business and industry in the following manner 2. 5. Buyers market In t he liberalized policy regime shortages of goods are no more, but there are surplus of goods. These arise delinquent to competition, simplification in cost, up-gradation of technology, improvement in reference and customer convenience. Removal of authorities restrictions on capacity creation and capacity purpose has also helped increase in the supply of goods. perseverance has been given total freedom to boom and diversify. Price control has been removed. Investment now takes place in the areas of demand. All these changes have made the buyer, the sovereign of the market. 2. 6. Export is require for survival Implementation of young-made trade policy has linked imports to exports. The enterprises should earn foreign exchange by exports and use the same foreign exchange for importing raw material spares and equipments. For example Reliance Group, Essar World Trade, Ceat, Videocon, Eicher, MRF etc, are being benefited by the 16 new policy. 2. 7.Threat from multinational compani es due(p) to the present policy of liberalization of our government, massive entry of multinationals in the country has started. The vast resources and the innovational technology of the present multi-national companies have enabled their subsidiary companies to boost sales and enjoy strategic advantage over their competitors. The presence of multinational companies has been rendering valuable services to our economy. It is give superior quality of goods, generating more occupation opportunities, promoting modern technology and awakening our business community.Presence of multinational companies has also boosted growth of small industries in the country. 2. 8. Overall competition The new competitive environment has thrown the economy open. There is tough competition between multinationals and there is also competition between local enterprises and foreign enterprises. Competition has now become global. It is not confined to national boundaries. For instance, Weston Electronics Company, which held about 18% of the television market, has been nigh thrown out of the market due to cutthroat competition and technological backwardness. . 9. World class technology Changes in government policy regarding business and industry have provided us with world-class technology. closely companies have also started making investment in research and development. Pharmaceutical industries in countries such as India made 2% investment in R &038 D. In certain countries investment in 17 research and development is approximately 12%. Multinationals are also bringing world-class technology in the country. This has enabled faster growth of industries. 2. 10. future tense not carry ond by one-time(prenominal) failuresIt is rightly said that future starts anew for companies. Future now needs new strategies, high technologies, determined efforts, enthusiasm, organization and leadership. mod approaches, systems structures and new leadership must push through to compete with th e multinationals. We must forget the past, unsay its failures and start working with new endeavor, approaches and leadership. 2. 11. Wider and divers(a) markets Due to globalization markets have been opened up and can now be widely accessed by companies from various countries.Countries have lift barriers improving flow of goods between them. This has boosted import and export trade among various countries. Regional trading blocks have been make to improve trade and allow free flow of goods and services among member countries. In the agricultural sector, crop imports are traded at cheaper prices and exchanged for another commodity because of the free trade as entailed among the provisions of bodies such as COMESA or WTO. A country such as Philippines could purchase or import crops from another country at cheaper tariff rates, in case of a shortage.However, on the downside, countries that are more continuous tense agriculturally could just dump their third-rate or low-class produc ts to their third-world trading counterparts. 18 2. 12. extraneous direct investment inflows Local industries which have invested abroad such as Bidco anele refinery is reaping huge profits from its foreign direct investments such as from its investment in Uganda palm plantation. Creation of common markets has given countries incentives to invest in those countries thus leading to investment inflows.Lowering of tariffs countries such as India have been reaping from enormous opportunities emerging from globalization such as consequent lowering of tariff barriers. Information Technology has given Indian industries formidable brand equity in the global markets. Indian companies have a unique distinction of providing efficient business solutions with cost and quality as an advantage by using state of art technology. Outsourcing is the act of giving a third-party the responsibility of running hat would otherwise be an internal system or service. Due to globalization, most companies and businesses have sought to contract most of its services or processes to outsiders. Most industries now use outsourcing such as call centers and can outsource its functions such as marketing, financial, training, transport and distribution and so forth. Capitalize on global trade most domestic industries now benefit on global trade by concentrating on the domestic market and then leverage their economies of scale overseas. 2. 13.Devaluation Some countries have had to cope up with the trend of globalization by devaluing their currency such as India. The first step towards globalization was taken with the announcement of the devaluation of Indian currency by 18-19 percent against 19 major currencies in the international foreign exchange market. This was a measure taken in order to resolve the balance of payment crisis. 5. 0 ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION In determination my own critique on globalization is that the whole process has increased power that multinational corporations seems to enjoy .This is seen as a particularly worrying phenomenon because it affects the issues that are elevated and witnessed everywhere we have a multinational company. An overriding concern is that globalization increases the go between the haves and the have-not of the world. Unfair labor practices such as child compass, piteous working conditions and low remuneration packages are some of issues that have been witnessed in the young past. Although its not clear whether the forces of globalization may produce a general deterioration of working conditions around the world or increase the inequality of working conditions among countries . espite the above ,in rich countries the picture is tout ensemble different thus self-interested opposition to globalization with fears that cheap imports or immigrants from other countries will lower the relative wages of low-skilled workers, more rapid economic change and transformation patterns of comparative advantage will increase economic ins ecurity and international competition. contempt all this countering the claims of globalization skeptics is a century-old economy theory that predicts free trade will reduce a convergence of labour conditions around the world. 20 6. References ACCA (2004) Strategic business planning and development (paper 3. 5). London BPP professed(prenominal) Education Alston, P. (2005). 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